AWS core services: EC2, S3, EBS, EFS, VPC, IAM, Route 53 Compute & containers: ECS, EKS, Fargate, Lambda Networking: VPC design, subnets, routing tables, NAT/IGW, VPC peering, Transit Gateway, PrivateLink Storage & databases: RDS (Aurora, MySQL, PostgreSQL), DynamoDB, Redshift, ElastiCache Security & identity: IAM policies/roles, KMS, Secrets Manager, Certificate Manager, WAF, Shield Monitoring & logging: CloudWatch, CloudTrail, X-Ray, AWS Config High availability & DR: Multi AZ, Multi Region, backup & restore, pilot light, active active patterns Performance optimization & scalability: Auto Scaling, load balancing (ALB/NLB), caching strategies. Well Architected Framework (Operational Excellence, Security, Reliability, Performance, Cost Optimization) Designing scalable, fault tolerant, and highly available architectures Microservices and event driven architectures Serverless architecture design patterns Hybrid and multi cloud architectures Migration strategies: re host, re platform, re factor, retire, retain Data architecture & integration patterns.