Architectural Design Engineer Purple DriveArchitectural Design EngineerDelaware, OH$100,000–$120,000 / yearFull timeWe’re looking for an Architectural Engineer who can translate complex technical requirements into smart, efficient, and future-ready designs for mission-critical facilities. If you’re driven to design with purpose and want to help build the backbone of the digital world, this is your opportunity to make a meaningful impact.
NewSite Development Engineer JobotSite Development EngineerWesterville, OH$110,000–$135,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. With a long-standing reputation for technical excellence and client-focused service, this company delivers innovative solutions for site development, infrastructure, transportation, commercial, institutional, and municipal projects throughout the region and beyond.
Sr. Software Engineer (.NET / PHP) JobotSr. Software Engineer (.NET / PHP)Columbus, OHRemote$100,000–$140,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. You'll play a key role in designing, developing, and maintaining backend services for a mature SaaS platform while helping support an evolving technology stack.
NewMechanical Engineer- HVAC JobotMechanical Engineer- HVACColumbus, OH$90,000–$140,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. Project experience spans healthcare, education (K–12 and higher ed), federal and military, justice, commercial, industrial, residential, hospitality, data centers, and other institutional markets.
NewSenior Electrical HVAC Engineer JobotSenior Electrical HVAC EngineerColumbus, OH$125,000–$150,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. Responsibilities: Design electrical systems for large central cooling and heating plants, including boilers, chillers, cooling towers, pumps, large bore piping, and control systems.
Controls Engineer - Industrial Automation JobotControls Engineer - Industrial AutomationColumbus, OH$100,000–$125,000 / yearThis role involves creating control system designs from concept through implementation, including electrical schematics, PLC/HMI programming, commissioning, troubleshooting, and collaborating with engineering and maintenance teams to improve system performance and reliability. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
NewElectrical Engineer JobotElectrical EngineerLewis Center, OH$85,000–$100,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. The team operates in a collaborative environment where engineers work cross-functionally with mechanical, manufacturing, quality, and program teams to deliver robust, field-ready solutions.
NewMechanical HVAC Project Engineer JobotMechanical HVAC Project EngineerColumbus, OH$75,000–$100,000 / yearAs an engineer on our team, you will be responsible for supporting the design and execution of complex marine HVAC and refrigeration projects by developing system layouts, performing engineering calculations, selecting equipment, and preparing technical documentation. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Commissioning Engineer (Data Centers) JobotCommissioning Engineer (Data Centers)Dublin, OH$80,000–$120,000 / yearMust be self-motivated and well versed in Data Center projects touching on large building MEP systems design, commissioning, retro-commissioning, energy modeling/analysis and construction for complex buildings. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
HVAC Controls Engineer – Building Automation JobotHVAC Controls Engineer – Building AutomationColumbus, OH$90,000–$120,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. A leading DDC Controls Contractor in Ohio that specializes in building automation and controls integration company focused on HVAC, lighting, access/security, and energy management solutions.
Infrastructure Engineer 2/3 Vaco LLCInfrastructure Engineer 2/3Columbus, OH$100,000–$120,000 / yearDetermining compensation for this role (and others) at Vaco by Highspring depends upon a wide array of factors including but not limited to: the individual’s skill sets, experience and training; licensure and certification requirements; office location and other geographic considerations; other business and organizational needs. Extensive technical knowledge of networking concepts such as Meraki, Cisco, and VoIP, as well as core platforms including VMware, Windows Server, Linux, SQL, Exchange, and SolarWinds or similar monitoring tools preferred.
NewAzure Data Engineer Vaco LLCAzure Data EngineerDublin, OH$95,000–$160,000 / yearDetermining compensation for this role (and others) at Vaco by Highspring depends upon a wide array of factors including but not limited to: the individual’s skill sets, experience and training; licensure and certification requirements; office location and other geographic considerations; other business and organizational needs. Essential Functions Design, build, and maintain scalable data ingestion and transformation pipelines using Microsoft Fabric and Azure-native tooling (Data Factory in Fabric, Dataflows Gen2, Notebooks, Spark jobs).learn.microsoft+2.
AI Engineer Vaco LLCAI EngineerDublin, OHRemote$70–$75 / hourDetermining compensation for this role (and others) at Vaco by Highspring depends upon a wide array of factors including but not limited to: the individual’s skill sets, experience and training; licensure and certification requirements; office location and other geographic considerations; other business and organizational needs. With that said, as required by local law, Vaco by Highspring believes that the following salary range referenced above reasonably estimates the base compensation for an individual hired into this position in geographies that require salary range disclosure.
Structural Project Engineer Integrity Technical ServicesStructural Project EngineerGroveport, OH$100,000–$120,000 / yearFull timeIn this role, you will lead the structural design of complex industrial equipment used in air pollution control, including furnaces, boilers, incinerators, and pressure processing systems like autoclaves. Produce complex engineering calculations and sketches for support structures, access platforms, ductwork, vessels, and industrial buildings.
NewIndustrial Sales Engineer Davron LLCIndustrial Sales EngineerColumbus, OHINDUSTRIAL SALES ENGINEER | SALES PERSON | PROJECTS | REPAIRS | NEW GOODS SALES | CRM SOFTWARE | ELECTRIC MOTORS | PUMPS | GEAR REDUCERS | TECHNICAL FINDINGS REPORTS | CAD DRAWING | RETROFIT . In this Industrial Sales Engineer role, you’ll combine customer-facing communication with technical expertise to drive successful outcomes across mechanical and electrical equipment applications.
Innovation Software Engineer - Hybrid Genesis10Innovation Software Engineer - HybridColumbus, OH$63–$75 / hourTemporaryContractorFull timeThis role supports the rapid delivery of innovation initiatives by implementing application features, developing AI-based solutions, building UI screens and integrations, and executing deployments using defined patterns and guardrails. Ranked a Top Staffing Firm in the U.S. by Staffing Industry Analysts for six consecutive years, Genesis10 puts thousands of consultants and employees to work across the United States every year in contract, contract-for-hire, and permanent placement roles.
ServiceNow QA / Test Engineer Kforce Inc.ServiceNow QA / Test EngineerColumbus, OH$45–$55Automated Testing (ATF): Design, build, and maintain automated test suites using the ServiceNow Automated Test Framework (ATF) to ensure regression testing is efficient and thorough. The successful candidate will be responsible for the end-to-end testing lifecycle, from creating comprehensive test plans to executing automated and manual tests within a FedRAMP-authorized environment.
Molding Engineer III LFP AssociatesMolding Engineer IIIColumbus, OH$80,000–$90,000 / yearParticipating in capital investment projects such as installation of new equipment/processes for new model development and applying engineering specifications to meet production needs and improve production. Their Ohio facility houses lighting and mold design, construction, production engineering, and dedicated associates in our Quality, Assembly, Sales, and Customer Service departments.
Lead iOS Software Engineer Kforce Inc.Lead iOS Software EngineerColumbus, OH$60–$85Experience using enterprise-authorized AI-assisted development tools within the work environment (e.g., for coding, test creation, troubleshooting, or documentation) with demonstrated ability to critically evaluate, validate, and refine AI-generated outputs for correctness, performance, and security. Understanding of responsible AI use in engineering workflows, including data sensitivity considerations, secure handling of inputs/outputs, and adherence to resiliency and security expectations; ability to guide peers on safe and effective usage within team practices.
NewAdvance Planning Engineer, Senior-WAX 1.04.02 CredenceAdvance Planning Engineer, Senior-WAX 1.04.02Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OHThe Advance Planning Engineer shall assist in conducting and supporting all engineering and technical activities required during the material solution analysis, technology development, engineering and manufacturing development, production and deployment, and operation and support phases of the systems acquisition process to include the following: requirements definition and analysis, architecture design, implementation, integration, verification and validation, transition, decision analysis, requirements management, risk management, interface management, and configuration management. Assist in producing architectures which assess user needs, document the planned and existing systems intended to meet the needs, determine deficiencies, develop and recommend alternative solutions to meet the deficiencies, and support development of a plan to implement the chosen solution.
Molding Engineer III Gables Search GroupMolding Engineer IIIColumbus, OH$80,000–$90,000Participating in capital investment projects such as installation of new equipment/processes for new model development and applying engineering specifications to meet production needs and improve production. Their Ohio facility houses lighting and mold design, construction, production engineering, and dedicated associates in our Quality, Assembly, Sales, and Customer Service departments.
NewField Service Engineer, L5 PwrQ Holdings LLCField Service Engineer, L5Columbus, OHThis role provides on-site leadership, ensures safe work execution, interfaces directly with customers and project teams, and mentors junior engineers/technicians while driving quality, schedule adherence, and continuous improvement. Lead field execution for switchgear installation, commissioning, and service (e.g., air-insulated switchgear, gas-insulated switchgear, metal-clad/metal-enclosed switchgear, breakers, relays, bus, CT/PTs, control power systems).
Project Engineer - Commercial Construction Michael Page USAProject Engineer - Commercial ConstructionColumbus, OH$80,000–$95,000 / yearFull timeYou'll gain exposure to complex projects, collaborate directly with senior leadership, and play an integral role in delivering successful builds from conception to completion. If you're an ambitious construction professional looking to build your future with a market-leading contractor that offers exceptional career advancement, cutting-edge projects, and long-term stability, this is an opportunity you won't want to miss.
Environmental Engineer III LFP AssociatesEnvironmental Engineer IIIColumbus, OH$85,000–$100,000 / yearTheir Ohio facility houses lighting and mold design, construction, production engineering, and dedicated associates in their Quality, Assembly, Sales, and Customer Service departments. Leading and implementing Carbon Neutrality projects, data collection activities and reporting of Sustainability efforts.
NewSenior Healthcare Data Engineer JobotSenior Healthcare Data EngineerWesterville, OH$120,000–$150,000 / yearYou'll partner closely with software engineers, product leaders, and external integration partners to solve challenging data quality problems while helping build a scalable framework for future healthcare integrations. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Senior Full-Stack Engineer (Python / Django) JobotSenior Full-Stack Engineer (Python / Django)Westerville, OH$80,000–$165,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. The ideal candidate enjoys working across the entire technology stack, thrives in fast-moving environments, and wants to build products that solve meaningful real-world problems at scale.
NewSenior Innovation Software Engineer - Hybrid Genesis10Senior Innovation Software Engineer - HybridColumbus, OH$64–$72 / hourTemporaryContractorFull timeThe Senior Innovation Software Engineer will partner closely across the Innovation team to develop end-to-end high-quality prototype applications, implement AI-enabled features, and ensure solutions are well-designed, testable, and ready for broader reuse. Ranked a Top Staffing Firm in the U.S. by Staffing Industry Analysts for six consecutive years, Genesis10 puts thousands of consultants and employees to work across the United States every year in contract, contract-for-hire, and permanent placement roles.
Senior Sales Engineer - Industrial Refrigeration / HVAC Systems Gables Search GroupSenior Sales Engineer - Industrial Refrigeration / HVAC SystemsColumbus, OH$110,000–$120,000 / yearThe position operates within a design-build mechanical contractor environment , working closely with engineering and operations teams to support project development and execution. This position is based in the Cincinnati area and supports the Southwest Ohio territory , so candidates must live within commuting distance or be open to relocating.
NewSenior Industrial Engineer GXO LogisticsSenior Industrial EngineerColumbus, OHOur greatest strength is our global team – energetic, innovative people of all experience levels and talents who make GXO a great place to work. As the Senior Engineer, Industrial, you will be responsible for facility layout and design, manpower planning, project scheduling and management, and support for new business development.
Environmental Engineer Gables Search GroupEnvironmental EngineerGrove City, OHLead and implement Carbon Neutrality projects, data collection activities and reporting of Sustainability efforts. · Prepare and submit environmental reports, plans and permit applications to local, state and federal agencies.
Manager, AI Marketing Orchestration, GTM Engineer SarnovaManager, AI Marketing Orchestration, GTM EngineerDublin, OHThis role transforms marketing from a manual, channel-driven function into a scalable, AI-powered growth engine by automating execution, improving speed to market, and increasing efficiency across campaigns. The Manager, AI Marketing Orchestration will design, build, and optimize agentic marketing workflows that drive scalable growth across email, paid media, data and content.
Layout Field Engineer Michael Page USALayout Field EngineerColumbus, OH$70,000–$110,000 / yearFull time5+ years of experience in field engineering, surveying, and layout for large-scale Commercial, Self-Perform General Contractor, or Concrete Contractor projects. Strong understanding of Coordinate Geometry, Geometric Theory, and Geometric Functions for establishing survey/data/layout points.
Project Engineer - Columbus Construction Michael Page USAProject Engineer - Columbus ConstructionColumbus, OH$75,000–$100,000 / yearFull timeAs the company continues to expand across Ohio, they're looking for a Project Engineer eager to gain hands-on experience, take on greater responsibility, and build a long-term career with an organization that values its people. Join a General Contractor that's built its reputation not only on delivering outstanding commercial projects, but also on developing and promoting its employees from within.
(Remote) Technical Support Engineer Globys(Remote) Technical Support EngineerOhioRemote$65,000–$75,000 / yearServe as primary technical contact for Globys' international carrier customers - triaging, reproducing, and resolving issues at Tier 1/2 without requiring engineering escalation unless a confirmed software defect or infrastructure failure is identified. This role is the primary technical point of contact for our international carrier customers (AT&T, Telstra, TELUS, OneNZ, and others) and demands someone who is as comfortable writing a SQL query to reproduce a data anomaly as they are walking a client through a configuration fix.
(Remote) Technical Support Engineer Harris Computer Systems(Remote) Technical Support EngineerOHRemote$65,000–$75,000 / yearWhat your impact will be: Serve as primary technical contact for Globys' international carrier customers - triaging, reproducing, and resolving issues at Tier 1/2 without requiring engineering escalation unless a confirmed software defect or infrastructure failure is identified. This role is the primary technical point of contact for our international carrier customers (AT&T, Telstra, TELUS, OneNZ, and others) and demands someone who is as comfortable writing a SQL query to reproduce a data anomaly as they are walking a client through a configuration fix.
Technical Support Engineer - Gates ADB Airfield Solutions (Inactive)Technical Support Engineer - GatesColumbus, OHThe Technical Support Engineer is primarily responsible for first line phone support for internal and external customer support questions on complex IT based systems including SQL, HTML, proprietary peripherals, Kubernetes, and data analytics. Associates' Degree in Computer Science, Information Technology, Electrical Technology (ET) or Associate in Computer Engineering Technology (EET), equivalent degree, or equivalent experience.
Technical Support Engineer - Electrical Systems, Airfield ADB Airfield Solutions (Inactive)Technical Support Engineer - Electrical Systems, AirfieldColumbus, OHThe Opportunity: The Technical Support Engineer provides first line phone support for internal and external customer support questions, including startup and troubleshooting of electrical and computer systems. Providing professional, technical customer service over the phone, email, etc., to troubleshoot, diagnose and assist airfield personnel and contractors find solutions to hardware and software issues.
(Remote) Technical Support Engineer Harris(Remote) Technical Support EngineerOhioRemote$65,000–$75,000 / yearServe as primary technical contact for Globys' international carrier customers - triaging, reproducing, and resolving issues at Tier 1/2 without requiring engineering escalation unless a confirmed software defect or infrastructure failure is identified. This role is the primary technical point of contact for our international carrier customers (AT&T, Telstra, TELUS, OneNZ, and others) and demands someone who is as comfortable writing a SQL query to reproduce a data anomaly as they are walking a client through a configuration fix.
Senior Technical Support Engineer Rocket SoftwareSenior Technical Support EngineerColumbus, OHRemote$89,000–$120,150 / yearThis role involves independently troubleshooting escalated issues, performing detailed root-cause analysis, and mentoring junior engineers to drive overall team effectiveness. We help extend the value of these assets, enabling our customers to embrace the potential of cloud and mobile computing, advanced analytics, and the innovations of tomorrow.
Plant Support Engineer - Electrical Blue United SourcingPlant Support Engineer - ElectricalColumbus, OH$90,000–$138,000Blue United Sourcing is partnering with a leading Fortune 500 power generation company to identify a talented Plant Support Engineer (Electrical Focus, Nuclear Power Facility) to join their plant engineering team in Toledo, OH. You'll work across a broad range of electrical distribution systems — from 24VDC control power to 345kVAC transmission — providing critical troubleshooting, condition assessments, and design support that keeps the facility running safely and efficiently.
Manufacturing Support Engineer JBM PackagingManufacturing Support EngineerOhioRecognized as a Top Workplace in 2022 and 2024, JBM is driven by a people-first culture and a mission to deliver Better Solutions, Better Lives, and a Better World. POSITION PURPOSE The Manufacturing Support Engineer is responsible for improving the performance, efficiency, and scalability of JBM’s manufacturing and contract packaging operations.
Remote Support Engineer CT/MR/VL Canon USA & AffiliatesRemote Support Engineer CT/MR/VLColumbus, OHRemoteThis position emphasizes structured intake, Tier 1 triage excellence, and seamless escalation to Tier 2 resources, while maintaining a strong focus on customer experience, uptime, and operational efficiency Performs all duties in accordance with the company's policies and procedures, all US state and federal laws and regulations, wherein the company operates. The Customer Solutions Center (CSC) Remote Support Engineer plays a critical role in delivering centralized, high-quality remote support for Canon Medical Systems customers across multiple imaging modalities (CT, MR, XR, VL, UL).
Remote Support Engineer -XR/VL Canon USA & AffiliatesRemote Support Engineer -XR/VLColumbus, OHRemoteThis position emphasizes structured intake, Tier 1 triage excellence, and seamless escalation to Tier 2 resources, while maintaining a strong focus on customer experience, uptime, and operational efficiency Performs all duties in accordance with the company's policies and procedures, all US state and federal laws and regulations, wherein the company operates. The Customer Solutions Center (CSC) Remote Support Engineer plays a critical role in delivering centralized, high-quality remote support for Canon Medical Systems customers across multiple imaging modalities (CT, MR, XR, VL, UL).
Sr. Product Support Engineer Worthington Enterprises IncSr. Product Support EngineerColumbus, OHThe Product Support Engineer (PSE) provides technical support, ensures regulatory compliance, and serves as the design authority for the product portfolio of in-service products, that may include pressurized cylinders, consumer products/appliances, HVAC components, tools, or construction materials. Product brands within the Worthington Enterprises portfolio include Balloon Time, Bernzomatic, Coleman (propane cylinders), CoMet, Elgen, Garden Weasel, General, HALO, Hawkeye, Level5 Tools, Mag Torch, NEXI, Pactool International, PowerCore, Ragasco, Well-X-Trol and XLite, among others.
Product Support Engineer - Mechanical Worthington Enterprises IncProduct Support Engineer - MechanicalColumbus, OHProduct brands within the Worthington Enterprises portfolio include Balloon Time, Bernzomatic, Coleman (propane cylinders), CoMet, Elgen, Garden Weasel, General, HALO, Hawkeye, Level5 Tools, Mag Torch, NEXI, Pactool International, PowerCore, Ragasco, Well-X-Trol and XLite, among others. This role provides post‑launch technical product support, including evaluation and approval of engineering and artwork changes, configuration management, product marking compliance, and resolution of product application issues, while continually improving the quality of products.
NewIT Support Engineer I, Ops Tech Solutions (OTS) Amazon.com IncIT Support Engineer I, Ops Tech Solutions (OTS)etna, OHAs an IT Support Engineer I, you will use your knowledge and specialized skills to implement technical solutions and provide high quality support for computer hardware, operating systems, or enterprise application software across sites in a defined geographical area. Together, we take ownership for what we do - whether supporting IT infrastructure, developing new technology inhouse, launching a new Amazon Operations facility, or delighting our customers by delivering packages directly to them.
Field Support Engineer, Controls Rockwell Automation IncField Support Engineer, ControlsColumbus, OHAs a field Support Engineer, you will be asked to travel throughout your assigned service area with a company vehicle to build customer relations and apply your technical expertise to on-site projects as you oversee field service deliverables, establish operational quality and assure customer satisfaction. Behind our customers - amazing companies that help feed the world, provide life-saving medicine on a global scale, and focus on clean water and green mobility - our people are energized problem solvers that take pride in how the work we do changes the world for the better.
F135 Hardware Customer Support Engineer – F35 Lightning Sustainment Center (LSC) (Onsite) RTXF135 Hardware Customer Support Engineer – F35 Lightning Sustainment Center (LSC) (Onsite)OhioProblems typically impact multiple departments or specialties and solved through drawing from prior experience and analysis of issues), ability to communicate with both Military and PW leadership regarding matters of significant importance to the organization, working to influence parties within and outside of the job function at an operational level regarding policies, procedures, and practices and advanced to expert knowledge of work area typically obtained through advanced education combined with experience. The Hardware CSE plays a key role in providing technical and sustainment support for engine hardware by interfacing with the customer, program office, Field Service Engineer/Representative, and engineering organization in support of our warfighter.
NewJDE Finance Functional Support Engineer 6434771 Accenture PlcJDE Finance Functional Support Engineer 6434771Columbus, OHKey Responsibilities: We are seeking an experienced JDE Finance Functional Support Engineer with following key responsibilities: Provide functional support for JD Edwards (JDE) Finance modules in a production environment, ensuring timely resolution of incidents and service requests within defined SLAs. In addition to delivering innovative solutions for Accenture's clients, you will work with a highly skilled, diverse network of people across Accenture businesses who are using the latest emerging technologies to address today's biggest business challenges.
IT Application Support Engineer Astemo IndianaIT Application Support EngineerSunbury, OhioPull, push, carry, lift or move materials/people/items/equipment weighing up to 50lbs or more during the work shift, with the use of Company provided “reach assistance technology” or “movement assist technology” (fork-lifts, pallet jacks, pulleys, dolly’s, robotics reach equipment, etc.), as required by job duties. Ability to solve complex problems through analysis to propose and implement appropriate countermeasures based on timing, quality, and cost.