Superintendent - Commercial Construction JobotSuperintendent - Commercial ConstructionArlington, TX$170,000–$210,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. Over the years our reputation for providing our people with the very best has caught the eye of some reputable companies who have chosen to use us as their Prime Commercial Contractor!
Superintendent JobotSuperintendentFort Worth, TX$100,000–$140,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. This role requires strong leadership skills, exceptional problem-solving abilities, and a deep understanding of construction planning and building codes.
NewSr. Electrical Superintendent Ascension Property Services (APS)Sr. Electrical SuperintendentFlower Mound, TX$50–$55 / hourThe ideal candidate possesses extensive commercial electrical construction experience, exceptional leadership skills, strong knowledge of the National Electrical Code (NEC), and the ability to effectively coordinate with project managers, owners, general contractors, and field teams. About George-McKenna Electric George-McKenna Electric (GME) is a leading Electrical, Security, and Structured Cabling Contractor specializing in design-build and turnkey installation services for commercial construction projects.
Lewisville Superintendent - Fast Food Construction Michael Page USALewisville Superintendent - Fast Food ConstructionLewisville, TX$94,000–$126,000 / yearFull timeWe are working with an established and dedicated builder in DFW, seeking an experienced Superintendent with a successful history delivering ground up McDonald's and QSR projects to join their team. Requirements At least 5+ years of experience as a Superintendent Experience working on McDonald's, Bojangles, or other QSR Ground-Up and/or Renovation projects Proficiency with construction software
Commercial Roofing Superintendent JobotCommercial Roofing SuperintendentAddison, TX$80,000–$120,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. We’re a national commercial roofing contractor known for delivering high-quality reroof, service, and new roofing solutions across a wide range of sectors.
NewElectrical Superintendent Ascension Property Services (APS)Electrical SuperintendentSouthlake, TX$41–$55 / hourThe successful candidate will lead a team of electricians and ensure that all electrical installations, maintenance, and repair work are carried out efficiently, safely, and in compliance with local codes and regulations. George McKenna Electrical is seeking an experienced Electrical Superintendent to oversee and manage electrical construction projects from inception to completion.
NewPiping Superintendent UpchurchPiping SuperintendentArlington, TXThis role is responsible for managing field crews, coordinating installation activities, ensuring compliance with project specifications, maintaining a safe work environment, and driving projects to successful completion. The ideal candidate is a hands-on leader with extensive piping experience, strong technical knowledge, and a proven ability to manage large-scale commercial construction projects.
NewSheetmetal Superintendent UpchurchSheetmetal SuperintendentArlington, TXThe HVAC Superintendent works closely with Project Managers and field leadership to drive project success while maintaining a strong focus on safety, productivity, and customer satisfaction. Founded in 1970 and headquartered in Horn Lake, MS, Upchurch has grown through both organic expansion and strategic acquisitions , establishing a strong reputation for quality, reliability, and service excellence.
NewMechanical Superintendent UpchurchMechanical SuperintendentArlington, TXFounded in 1970 and headquartered in Horn Lake, MS, Upchurch has grown through both organic expansion and strategic acquisitions , establishing a strong reputation for quality, reliability, and service excellence. We offer end-to-end solutions—from design and installation to ongoing maintenance and emergency support— helping clients maximize building performance, energy efficiency, and equipment lifespan .
NewPlumbing Superintendent UpchurchPlumbing SuperintendentArlington, TXThis leadership role ensures quality workmanship, field coordination, safety, and schedule adherence for multi-million-dollar plumbing scopes on projects such as healthcare facilities, schools, office buildings, and industrial sites. Founded in 1970 and headquartered in Horn Lake, MS, Upchurch has grown through both organic expansion and strategic acquisitions , establishing a strong reputation for quality, reliability, and service excellence.
NewAssistant Superintendent - mixed commercial Michael Page USAAssistant Superintendent - mixed commercialSouthlake, TX$90,000–$110,000 / yearFull timeThis role will assist with daily field operations, subcontractor coordination, safety enforcement, scheduling activities, and quality control while partnering closely with the Superintendent and Project Management team. The company delivers a diverse portfolio of K-12, municipal, healthcare, and commercial projects, emphasizing collaboration, quality craftsmanship, safety, and long-term client relationships.
NewLead / Senior Superintendent Michael Page USALead / Senior SuperintendentSouthlake, TX$100,000–$155,000 / yearFull timeMust demonstrate strong scheduling, safety, subcontractor coordination, quality control, leadership, and communication skills, with the ability to manage multiple trades and maintain project performance from start to finish. This opportunity offers challenging work, long-term stability, and the chance to help deliver projects that make a lasting impact across the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.
Superintendent Michael Page USASuperintendentThe Colony, TX$110,000–$135,000 / yearFull timeMy client is a very reputable and fast growing Commercial General Contractor throughout Texas that provides extremely competitive salaries, bonus', truck and phone allowance, as well as full health benefits. The superintendent is responsible for short-term scheduling, quality control and subcontractor coordination, advising the Project Manager if circumstances will impact the project schedule.
Construction Superintendent Multicon Services LLCConstruction SuperintendentGrapevine, TXFull timeMulticon Services LLC has been a trusted name in the construction industry for over 15 years, delivering exceptional projects throughout Oklahoma City. Join Multicon Services LLC as a Construction Superintendent and take the lead on exciting projects in Dallas Ft Worth area!
National Construction Superintendent Restoration Management CompanyNational Construction SuperintendentGrapevine, TexasSuperintendent is responsible for overseeing the work of several technicians as well as simultaneously managing the production of multiple construction (repair) projects that are generally outsourced to subcontractors. Because restoration is a 24/7/365 industry, incidents can happen anytime and often require immediate leadership to mobilize crews, assess damage, and implement safe, efficient recovery plans.
Traveling Superintendent | Commercial Construction DAVACOTraveling Superintendent | Commercial ConstructionIrving, TXPart timeThis role is critical in managing subcontractors, vendors, inspections, materials, and overall site safety to ensure that high-quality, on-time, and within-budget delivery is achieved on commercial construction projects. Review and interpret construction plans across multiple trades, including electrical, mechanical, plumbing and structural; and adjust field execution as needed to meet planned schedules of completion.
Construction Superintendent – Ground-Up Multifamily & Senior Living Integrated Real Estate GroupConstruction Superintendent – Ground-Up Multifamily & Senior LivingSouthlake, TXFull timeWhat sets IREG apart is our integrated approach, bringing together development, construction, and operations to create high-performing communities across affordable housing, workforce housing, and market-rate living , including multifamily, active adult, independent living, assisted living, and memory care. Integrated Real Estate Group is a leader in senior living, focused on building high-performing communities through strong leadership, operational excellence, and a commitment to resident experience.
Traveling Superintendent HVAC Commercial Construction Ameritech Facility ServicesTraveling Superintendent HVAC Commercial ConstructionMansfield, TXTechnical Job Description below: Summary of Position:The Field Superintendent will provide on-site coordination for all phases of a construction project including supervising employees as needed, coordinating subcontractors, material and equipment, ensuring specifications are being strictly followed and work is proceeding on schedule and within budget. We try to distribute those interstate trips to all of the drivers and all drivers are subject to assignment to make those interstate trips.
Construction Superintendent Marand Builders IncConstruction SuperintendentSouthlake, TXScope of Work: individual should have experience with running all aspects of large commercial projects from inception to full profitable completion, to including the following: large ground up projects, interior renovation projects of all sizes, finish work, and all relocation and replacement work on project sizes in the $2M+ valuation range. While performing the duties of this job on a construction job site, the employee may be exposed to wet and/or humid conditions; moving mechanical parts; high, precarious places; fumes or airborne particles (before the use of air scrubbers); outside weather conditions; extreme cold and extreme heat.
Traveling Construction Superintendent Sevan Multi-Site Solutions, Inc.Traveling Construction SuperintendentFort Worth, TX$90,000–$120,000 / yearSevan Multi-Site Solutions is a veteran-owned business that provides construction, program management, real estate & site development, and architecture & engineering services for restaurant, grocery, fuel and convenience store, retail, and government sectors nationwide. Recent honors include 12 consecutive years as a Great Place to Work®, placement on ENR's national Program and Construction Management rankings, recognition as one of America's Safest Companies for 2025, and the 2025 Platinum HIRE Vets Medallion Award.
Superintendent SpawGlassSuperintendentFort Worth, TXExperienced superintendents may lead multiple phases, mentor assistant superintendents, contribute to look‑ahead planning, and support continuous improvement in field execution and safety culture. You’ll maintain a clean, organized site; track progress; resolve field issues quickly; and communicate clearly with the project team to protect schedule, budget, and quality outcomes.
MEP Plumbing Construction Superintendent (Multifamily) Upgrade ResourcesMEP Plumbing Construction Superintendent (Multifamily)Dallas, TX$90,000–$110,000 / yearYou’ll drive plumbing execution on multifamily and commercial projects across DFW—coordinating multiple trade groups, synchronizing materials and equipment, and steering the field to deliver safe, high‑quality outcomes on schedule and on budget. Employee‑owned MEP firm with decades of delivery across the full building lifecycle—design, build, service, and maintenance.
NewCommercial Construction Superintendent R&O ConstructionCommercial Construction SuperintendentGrand Prairie, TXFull timeKnowledge and skills Demonstrated leadership and delegation skillsKnowledge of building process and methodsProficient with personal computer and construction softwareRead and interpret blueprintsBasic understanding of all construction trades and subcontractors' scopes of workBasic understanding of accounting principlesMust have good written and verbal communication skills (English language)Excellent customer service skills and initiative. Valid driver's licensePhysical Requirements Moderate physical activity performing strenuous daily activities; regularly required to stand, walk, reach, stoop, kneel, crouch, climb, talk, hear.
Construction Superintendent HOLT CATConstruction SuperintendentIrving, TexasResponsibilities include, but are not limited to interviewing, hiring, training and development of subcontractors; planning, assigning, and directing work; coaching; conducting performance reviews; addressing complaints/concerns, resolving problems, and ensuring consistent application of organizational needs. Minimum of three years’ experience in site construction management in commercial and utility-scale solar PV field including direct experience in managing projects more than 1Megawatt and all aspects of Solar Projects including Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical preferred.
Construction Superintendent(Travelling) Barry-WehmillerConstruction Superintendent(Travelling)Fort Worth, TXRecent construction site superintendent experience working on construction projects involving industrial facilities & structures (Cold Storage Distribution Centers, Food & Beverage Processing, Packaging, & Distributions Centers, Life Science and Advanced Technology Manufacturing Facilities, Industrial Tilt Wall Distribution Centers, ASRS Robotics Distribution Centers, Data Centers, Clean Room/Dry Room Construction, MEP Driven Projects). Impart knowledge of principles of construction, including forming and placing of concrete, process piping, crane operations and erection of structural steel, installation of cladding on buildings, completion of roofing, plumbing, electrical and HVAC, interior finishes, and installation of manufacturing equipment.
NewGeneral Tradesman / Assistant Superintendent MSF HospitalityGeneral Tradesman / Assistant SuperintendentCoppell, TXPerform hands-on construction work across multiple trades, including carpentry, drywall, tile, painting, doors, hardware, repairs, and punch work. Are you an experienced construction professional who enjoys being hands-on while also leading teams, coordinating work, and helping projects move forward?.
Traveling Retail Construction Superintendent Powerhouse Retail ServicesTraveling Retail Construction SuperintendentTXAt Powerhouse, our Traveling Superintendents don't just manage job sites, they own project execution from start to finish while building the experience that shapes future leaders. If you're ready to lead complex, fast-paced projects across the country and accelerate your career in construction leadership, this role puts you in the driver's seat.
Senior Superintendent GMiSenior SuperintendentSouthlake, TexasThis is a multi-functional position that requires the following skills & knowledge: jobsite management, workforce management, general management of others, strong leadership ability, ability to coach/teach, excellent communication skills, knowledge of GMi operational procedures, problem-solving capabilities, and time management. GMi is a 100% employee-owned, client relationship driven, turnkey drywall, framing, and acoustical commercial construction company that has been operating throughout the State of Texas since 1978 with offices in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, Austin, Houston and San Antonio.
Plumbing Superintendent TalentSpherePlumbing SuperintendentArlington, TX$110–$130 / hourThis is an opportunity for a licensed plumbing professional who enjoys mentoring field teams, solving complex construction challenges, and playing a key role in project execution from planning through completion. The right individual will serve as a trusted leader for superintendents, foremen, and craft professionals while working closely with operations and project leadership to keep work moving forward.
Electrical Superintendent MasTec IncElectrical SuperintendentFORT WORTH, TX$100,000–$140,000 / yearResponsibilities Permit document administration and control Complete review and understanding of subcontractor's scope of work Coordinate safety meetings and overall responsibility for project safety Control project access and traffic Tool/equipment inventory, coordination and rental Coordinate, schedule and maintain records of all project testing and certificates including concrete and soil testing Coordinate with PM, PCM and PFE daily regarding project progress, S/C performance, QA/QC and reporting Complete "3‐week look ahead schedule" and update master schedule with PCM Complete Daily Log Reports (Procore) Maintain "As Built" drawings for final submittal Coordinate and schedule project inspections Final inspection and proper close‐out documentation Quality control of installed materials and Equipment Site layout and control of benchmarks Qualifications Work Experience and Education Bachelor's degree in Engineering, Construction Management, or related field minimum 3 years' work experience as a construction Superintendent - In lieu of a degree, 10+ years of work experience. The Project Superintendent will have proven construction experience as an Electrical Superintendent, a history of leading, teaching, and mentoring others successfully, and the ability to thoroughly understand and follow plans, project specifications, design documents, code requirements and other similar construction activities.
MEP Superintendent MasTec IncMEP SuperintendentFORT WORTH, TX$100,000–$140,000 / yearResponsibilities Permit document administration and control Complete review and understanding of subcontractor's scope of work Coordinate safety meetings and overall responsibility for project safety Control project access and traffic Tool/equipment inventory, coordination and rental Coordinate, schedule and maintain records of all project testing and certificates including concrete and soil testing Coordinate with PM, PCM and PFE daily regarding project progress, S/C performance, QA/QC and reporting Complete "3‐week look ahead schedule" and update master schedule with PCM Complete Daily Log Reports (Procore) Maintain "As Built" drawings for final submittal Coordinate and schedule project inspections Final inspection and proper close‐out documentation Quality control of installed materials and Equipment Site layout and control of benchmarks Qualifications Work Experience and Education Bachelor's degree in Engineering, Construction Management, or related field minimum 3 years' work experience as a construction Superintendent - In lieu of a degree, 10+ years of work experience. The Project Superintendent will have proven construction experience as an MEP Superintendent, a history of leading, teaching, and mentoring others successfully, and the ability to thoroughly understand and follow plans, project specifications, design documents, code requirements and other similar construction activities.
Superintendent Mechanical Sheetmetal Southland Industries Inc.Superintendent Mechanical SheetmetalCarrollton, TXFull timeThe Superintendent Mechanical – Sheet Metal provides overall leadership and direction to field supervision and craft personnel, including piping, plumbing, and sheet metal teams. Candidate ownership can only be established after a bona fide work order is issued by a member of the Southland Industries Talent Acquisition team and the candidate is appropriately submitted through our Applicant Tracking System (ATS).
Superintendent - MechanicalSheetmetal Southland IndustriesSuperintendent - MechanicalSheetmetalCarrollton, TXThe Superintendent Mechanical - Sheet Metal provides overall leadership and direction to field supervision and craft personnel, including piping, plumbing, and sheet metal teams. Candidate ownership can only be established after a bona fide work order is issued by a member of the Southland Industries Talent Acquisition team and the candidate is appropriately submitted through our Applicant Tracking System (ATS).
NewSuperintendent Ameritech Facility ServicesSuperintendentMansfield, TXSummary of Position: The Field Superintendent will provide on-site coordination for all phases of a construction project including supervising employees as needed, coordinating subcontractors, material and equipment, ensuring specifications are being strictly followed and work is proceeding on schedule and within budget. Ensure self and crew obtain adequate rest to effectively and safely complete assigned projects.
Field Superintendent-Commercial Roofing TalentSphereField Superintendent-Commercial RoofingDallas, TXIf you're a Commercial Roofing Superintendent who likes leading from the front, developing strong field teams, and delivering quality projects safely and efficiently, this opportunity is worth a conversation. Due to continued growth and a strong backlog of commercial and industrial projects, they are looking to add an experienced Operations Field Superintendent to their team.
Superintendent-Waterproofing-Bilingual TalentSphereSuperintendent-Waterproofing-BilingualFort Worth, TXA well-established commercial roofing and waterproofing contractor is hiring a bilingual Waterproofing Superintendent to oversee above-grade work across existing commercial facilities in the Dallas–Fort Worth market. The work involves active, occupied buildings where planning, communication, safety, and protection of the existing facility matter.
Construction Superintendent GpacConstruction SuperintendentAzle, TX115000–140000GPAC (Growing People and Companies) is an award-winning search firm specializing in placing quality professionals within multiple industries across the United States since 1990. As a Commercial Construction Superintendent , you will be responsible for managing and coordinating all on-site construction activities, ensuring that projects are completed safely, on time, and within budget.
Construction Site Superintendent Autonomous SolutionsConstruction Site SuperintendentFort Worth, TXAs a Construction Superintendent inCivil Construction, you will direct all field operations for civil construction projects, serving as the primary on-site authority over safety, schedule, quality, and crew performance. You will translate project plans into daily execution, manage subcontractors and field crews, and keep work moving against milestones and budget.
NewGeneral Superintendent-Data Center MasTec IncGeneral Superintendent-Data CenterFORT WORTH, TXAs needed, serve as mentor and trainer for Level I and Level II Superintendents Carry out supervisory responsibilities in accordance with the organization's policies and applicable laws Able to negotiation Change Orders Ensure site has proper materials ordered and scheduled inspections as necessary Maintain construction schedule, identify and solve problems Maintain an organized job site, including the construction office Use and maintain schedules to measure time and production to meet requirements Keep records in a systematic, well-organized fashion Ensure that proper documentation has been completed, hard copies and electronic copies maintained in a well-organized manner as defined in the scope of the project requirements Seek ways to improve on productivity analysis provided by Project Manager Ability to communicate effectively in both oral and written form to large employee groups, owners or engineers Maintain and enforce discipline throughout the jobsite Maintain a professional appearance and positive relationships with customers, contractors, suppliers and other employees Interview, hire, and train direct reports, plan, assign and direct work, appraise performance; reward and discipline employees, address complaints and resolve problems. Required to travel to different jobsites on a limited notice Other duties as assigned Qualifications Work Experience and Education Bachelor's degree in Engineering, Construction Management or related field 10 years of work experience as a construction superintendent in lieu of a degree, 15+ years of work experience.
Jobsite Superintendent GMiJobsite SuperintendentSouthlake, Texas$85,000–$105,000 / yearAbout GMi GMi is a 100% employee-owned, client relationship driven, turnkey drywall, framing, and acoustical commercial construction company that has been operating throughout the State of Texas since 1978 with offices in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, Austin, Houston and San Antonio. This is a multi-functional position that requires the following skills & knowledge: Strong leadership ability, attention to detail, excellent communication skills, problem-solving, time management, and the ability to follow through with a plan of action.
Superintendent-Piping Assembly Shop Southland Industries Inc.Superintendent-Piping Assembly ShopFort Worth, TXFull timeCandidate ownership can only be established after a bona fide work order is issued by a member of the Southland Industries Talent Acquisition team and the candidate is appropriately submitted through our Applicant Tracking System (ATS). Provide overall direction and guidance to field supervision and craft personnel (piping, plumbing, or sheet metal) and ensure that Southland’s quality, safety, and cost-efficiency guidelines are adhered to. .
Superintendent Mechanical (Plumbing/Piping) Southland Industries Inc.Superintendent Mechanical (Plumbing/Piping)Carrollton, TXFull timeCandidate ownership can only be established after a bona fide work order is issued by a member of the Southland Industries Talent Acquisition team and the candidate is appropriately submitted through our Applicant Tracking System (ATS). Provide overall direction and guidance to field supervision and craft personnel (piping, plumbing, or sheet metal) and ensure that Southland’s quality, safety, and cost-efficiency guidelines are adhered to. .
Piping Superintendent- Fab Shop Southland IndustriesPiping Superintendent- Fab ShopFort Worth, TXCandidate ownership can only be established after a bona fide work order is issued by a member of the Southland Industries Talent Acquisition team and the candidate is appropriately submitted through our Applicant Tracking System (ATS). Provide overall direction and guidance to field supervision and craft personnel (piping, plumbing, or sheet metal) and ensure that Southland's quality, safety, and cost-efficiency guidelines are adhered to.
Superintendent BRPH Companies IncSuperintendentFort Worth, TXBRPH is a technically focused, creative architecture, engineering, and construction company with over six decades of expertise in helping mission-driven clients in the aerospace, defense, manufacturing, commercial, education, entertainment, hospitality, and federal markets identify gaps in their program delivery and develop innovative solutions to their most challenging problems across the U.S. and around the world. As an employee-owned company, BRPH is known for its collaborative culture, technical excellence, and client-focused approach, bringing together multidisciplinary teams to design and build environments that are functional, efficient, and future-ready.
NewGeneral Superintendent GMiGeneral SuperintendentSouthlake, Texas$105,000–$135,000 / yearAbout GMi GMi is a 100% employee-owned, client relationship driven, turnkey drywall, framing, and acoustical commercial construction company that has been operating throughout the State of Texas since 1978 with offices in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, Austin, Houston and San Antonio. This is a multi-functional position that requires the following skills and knowledge: Strong leadership ability, attention to detail, excellent communication skills, problem-solving, time management, and the ability to follow through with a plan of action.
NewSuperintendent Of Construction Actalent IncSuperintendent Of ConstructionGrapevine, TX$43–$52 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Heavy Civil Superintendent Rangeline GroupHeavy Civil SuperintendentFort Worth, Texas$100,000–$130,000 / yearEnvironment: Regular regional travel or statewide travel with potential exposure to extreme hot and cold temperatures, dust, noise, vibration, and chemical and electrical hazards. • Mental Demands: Work with frequent interruptions, sudden shifting priorities, and ability to maintain emotional control under stress.
Sheet Metal Superintendent DynaTen CorporationSheet Metal SuperintendentFort Worth, TXThe Dyna Ten Superintendent will be responsible for overseeing commercial construction projects and will be managing project needs including but not limited to materials, personnel, schedules and communication with project management teams, customers and building officials. Run and manage large-scale commercial plumbing/piping/sheet metal/insulation construction projects including ability to oversee multiple jobsites simultaneously.
QA Superintendent (33187) CECQA Superintendent (33187)Irving, TXThe QA/QC Superintendent works closely with Project Management, Field Supervision, Commissioning Teams, and Clients to ensure installations are completed correctly the first time and fully documented to support successful commissioning and turnover. The QA/QC Superintendent is responsible for planning, implementing, and managing the Quality Assurance and Quality Control program across assigned electrical construction projects.
Electrical Superintendent I (33293) CECElectrical Superintendent I (33293)Irving, TXAn Electrical Superintendent is the primary jobsite supervisor with operational responsibility for employees involved in the installation, alteration, addition, and/or repair of electrical systems, conductors, and associated materials and equipment for small to mid-sized ground up projects or tenant finish projects where complex coordination of multiple subordinate supervisors and crews is not required. Provides general supervision to subordinate foremen engaged in the installation of electrical feeders; equipment such as pumps, motors, and generators; control and distribution apparatus such as switch gear, relays, and circuit breaker panels; lighting fixtures and outlets; and related connections and terminations.