Software Engineer, Infrastructure Sift StackSoftware Engineer, InfrastructureSan Francisco, California$160,000–$200,000 / year3+ years of relevant distributed systems experience focusing on designing and managing cloud-based environments (e.g., AWS, Azure, GCP). Knowledge of automated testing best practices and frameworks, ensuring software reliability through integration, performance, and end-to-end testing in distributed systems.
Senior Software Engineer, Infrastructure Sift StackSenior Software Engineer, InfrastructureSan Francisco, CA$180,000–$230,000 / yearThe Skillset You'll Bring: 8+ years of relevant distributed systems experience focusing on designing and managing cloud-based environments (e.g., AWS, Azure, GCP). Knowledge of automated testing best practices and frameworks, ensuring software reliability through integration, performance, and end-to-end testing in distributed systems.
Altimate Al | Staff Software Engineer EarlyStage PartnersAltimate Al | Staff Software EngineerSunnyvale, CaliforniaRemote$60,000–$120,000 / yearProjects You'll Work On : Backend Integration of LLM Architectures : Lead the development and maintenance of the backend infrastructure that powers state-of-the-art Large Language Model (LLM) architectures, including RAG, ReAct, and Agent-based systems. Our flagship product, DataPilot, offers advanced data automation capabilities, while our new DataMates technology brings the concept of agentic AI to data operations, acting as virtual teammates for data professionals.
Staff Software Engineer TechChain TalentStaff Software EngineerSan Francisco, CaliforniaSelf-starter with a curious mindset, you enjoy moving at a fast pace, shipping software that improves the user experience and constantly improving your work with little supervision. We help businesses, institutions, and developers leverage breakthrough blockchain technologies to drive global economic prosperity and digital inclusion.
Senior Software Engineer, Full Stack NuonSenior Software Engineer, Full StackSan Francisco, CaliforniaRemote8+ years of experience as at a Software-as-a-Service company, ideally one in the developer tools space, with experience with the challenges of deploying software either in an internal capacity or as part of the overall product offering. Extend our actor-based Temporal workflow orchestration system: https://nuon.co/blog/how-we-rebuilt-our-api-using-long-lived-workflows/ .
Associate Software Engineer, RLE HandshakeAssociate Software Engineer, RLESan Francisco, CaliforniaWe’re hiring an Associate Software Engineer to help build our Reinforcement Learning Environments (RLE) platform—the systems where frontier AI models learn to complete real-world work. This is a hands-on, growth-oriented role where you’ll contribute to building core systems, learn quickly from senior engineers, and gain exposure to cutting-edge AI infrastructure.
Software Engineer, Registrar Cloudflare IncSoftware Engineer, RegistrarSan Francisco, CAProject Galileo: Since 2014, we''ve equipped more than 2,400 journalism and civil society organizations in 111 countries with powerful tools to defend themselves against attacks that would otherwise censor their work, technology already used by Cloudflare's enterprise customers--at no cost. Today the company runs one of the world's largest networks that powers millions of websites and other Internet properties for customers ranging from individual bloggers to SMBs to Fortune 500 companies.
NewSr Staff Software Engineer Quality & Automation Zscaler IncSr Staff Software Engineer Quality & AutomationSan Jose, CA$157,500–$225,000 / yearThe range displayed on each job posting reflects the minimum and maximum target for new hire salaries for the position across all US locations and could be higher or lower based on a multitude of factors, including job-related skills, experience, and relevant education or training. Zscaler is committed to providing reasonable support (called accommodations or adjustments) in our recruiting processes for candidates who are differently abled, have long term conditions, mental health conditions or sincerely held religious beliefs, or who are neurodivergent or require pregnancy-related support.
Lead Software Engineer [Multiple Positions Available] JPMorgan Chase & CoLead Software Engineer [Multiple Positions Available]Palo Alto, CAQUALIFICATIONS: Minimum education and experience required: Bachelor''s degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Computer Information Systems, Information Technology, or related field of study plus 7 years of experience in the job offered or as Software Engineer, Application Developer, Technical Lead, or related occupation. This position requires four (4) years of experience with: Building Android applications using Android Studio; Building iOS and Android mobile applications using Flutter; RESTful APIs for data exchange; Setting up Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery (CI/CD) tools using Jenkins.
Senior Software Engineer, AI Infrastructure HandshakeSenior Software Engineer, AI InfrastructureSan Francisco, CaliforniaArchitect & build the core agent orchestration layer — including tool use, memory, & multi-step reasoning systems — that powers AI-driven features for 20M+ users & 1M+ employers across Handshake's platform. Design evaluation, observability, & reliability frameworks that ensure agent behavior is safe, auditable, & production-ready at scale.
Software Engineer - Insights PlanetScaleSoftware Engineer - InsightsSan Francisco, California$120,000–$290,000 / yearInsights helps developers understand their database performance and provides visibility into query patterns, performance metrics and database health across both Vitess/MySQL and PostgreSQL systems. Vitess, an open-source database clustering system for horizontal scaling of MySQL, enables businesses to efficiently handle large-scale data workloads — without sacrificing developer experience.
Staff Software Engineer (Backend) Tubi, Inc.Staff Software Engineer (Backend)San Francisco, CA$227,200–$324,500 / yearFor all full-time, regular employees, in lieu of FOX Paid Parental Leave, Tubi offers a generous Parental Leave Program, which allows parents twelve (12) weeks of paid bonding leave within the first year of birth, adoption, surrogacy, or foster placement of a child in addition to applicable government leave program(s) and FOX's short-term disability policy. AI-Driven Developer Experience: Driving improvements in internal tools and workflows that leverage AI to enhance productivity, code quality, and observability, helping evolve Tubi's backend engineering culture into an AI-native practice.
Senior Software Engineer, Platform Infrastructure Aptos LabsSenior Software Engineer, Platform InfrastructurePalo Alto, CA$160,000–$260,000 / yearThe range displayed on each job posting reflects the minimum and typical maximum target for new hire salaries for the position of a candidate based in the Bay Area at any level. Within the range, individual pay is determined by work location, job-related skills demonstrated during the interviews, working experience, and relevant education or training.
Senior Software Engineer, Backend Tubi, Inc.Senior Software Engineer, BackendSan Francisco, CA$186,400–$266,300 / yearFor all full-time, regular employees, in lieu of FOX Paid Parental Leave, Tubi offers a generous Parental Leave Program, which allows parents twelve (12) weeks of paid bonding leave within the first year of birth, adoption, surrogacy, or foster placement of a child in addition to applicable government leave program(s) and FOX's short-term disability policy. On this team, you will participate in major campaigns, contribute to our critical backend services, support multiple platforms, and play a key role in shaping and refining the overall backend architecture.
Staff Software Engineer, Platform PeregrineStaff Software Engineer, PlatformSan Francisco, CA$240,000–$300,000 / yearRepresentative problems you'll work on include: making it possible to stand up new regions and customer environments with minimal manual work as Peregrine's footprint grows; building autoscaling and right-sizing systems that cut cloud spend without sacrificing headroom; strengthening reliability and incident response for mission-critical services so outages are rare and fast to resolve; hardening network and platform security controls to meet the compliance bar our public-sector customers require; building paved-road tooling that lets product teams deploy, observe, and debug their services without needing deep infra expertise; and, as our traffic and capacity needs grow, partnering with our traffic engineering team to help shape technical direction for routing and load balancing at scale. Backed by leading Silicon Valley investors, Peregrine helps public safety organizations, state and local and governments, federal agencies, and private-sector institutions address society's challenges with unprecedented speed and accuracy.
Principal Software Engineer - AI Foundations JPMorgan Chase & CoPrincipal Software Engineer - AI FoundationsPalo Alto, CAArchitects and governs agentic AI-enabled engineering workflows (using enterprise-authorized tools within the work environment) to improve delivery speed, code quality, and operational outcomes at scale (e.g., AI-driven PR review assistance, test generation/maintenance, release readiness checks, incident triage and root-cause acceleration), while defining guardrails for validation, security, resiliency, and reuse across teams. As a Principal Software Engineer at JPMorganChase within the Chief Data and Analytics Office (CDAO), you provide expertise and engineering excellence as an integral part of an agile team to enhance, build, and deliver trusted market-leading technology products in a secure, stable, and scalable way.
Senior Software Engineer, Full Stack Brex IncSenior Software Engineer, Full StackSan Francisco, CARemote$192,000–$240,000 / yearYou will tackle complex full-stack challenges, from designing scalable backend APIs and rule-evaluation engines for custom automations, to crafting intuitive frontend UX for our domain-specific task interfaces and workflow builders. Beyond core platform work, you will be part of a team that directly shapes broader product experiences - including leveraging AI to streamline user workflows and supporting the continuous evolution of our productivity tools in web and mobile.
Internship, Supercharger SIL Test Infrastructure Software Engineer, Energy Engineering (Fall 2026) Tesla IncInternship, Supercharger SIL Test Infrastructure Software Engineer, Energy Engineering (Fall 2026)Palo Alto, CA$20–$50 / hourThe SIL infrastructure will test Supercharger state machine management, authorizing and controlling charging sessions, complex algorithm for allocating and sharing power between chargers and billing customers for charge sessions. Our year-round program places the best students in positions where they will grow technically, professionally, and personally through their experience working closely with their Manager, Mentor, and team.
Staff Software Engineer, Observability Pinterest IncStaff Software Engineer, ObservabilitySan Francisco, CARemote$177,185–$364,795 / yearAs a Staff Engineer on the Observability team, you''ll be responsible for designing and building the infrastructure and tools that provide visibility into Pinterest''s large-scale distributed systems, helping thousands of engineers understand, debug, and optimize their services. Data Engineering Skills: Strong background in building data pipelines, working with time-series databases, columnar storage, stream processing (Kafka, Flink, etc.), and data modeling at scale.
Senior Software Engineer - Instawork Robotics Garuda Labs IncSenior Software Engineer - Instawork RoboticsSan Francisco, CA$170,000–$200,000 / yearYou will collaborate across engineering, product, and design to translate business requirements into clear, scalable technical solutions, leveraging modern methodologies-including AI where it aligns with product scope-to deliver high-quality products and efficient software workflows. Forbes included us on their Next Billion Dollar Startups list; RetailTech Breakthrough named us Workforce Hiring Solution of the Year for 2025; and Inc. 5000 recognized us as one of the country''s top 10% fastest-growing companies two years in a row.
Lead Software Engineer JPMorgan Chase & CoLead Software EngineerPalo Alto, CAAs a Lead Software Engineer at JPMorgan Chase within the Consumer and Community Banking - NBA Delivery Platform team, you are an integral part of an agile team that works to enhance, build, and deliver trusted market-leading technology products in a secure, stable, and scalable way. Leads evaluation sessions with external vendors, startups, and internal teams to drive outcomes-oriented probing of architectural designs, technical credentials, and applicability for use within existing systems and information architecture.
NewLead Software Engineer - Machine Learning Platform JPMorgan Chase & CoLead Software Engineer - Machine Learning PlatformPalo Alto, CAStrong understanding of responsible AI use in engineering workflows, including data sensitivity considerations, secure handling of inputs/outputs, and adherence to resiliency and security expectations; experience coaching engineers on safe, compliant adoption within delivery practices. As a Lead Software Engineer at JPMorganChase within AI/ML Data Platforms, you are an integral part of an agile team that works to build and operate scalable, reliable ML training systems and pipelines on AWS and other cloud platforms.
Senior Software Engineer, Infrastructure/Platform David Joseph & CompanySenior Software Engineer, Infrastructure/PlatformSan Francisco, California$250,000–$350,000 / yearAs a Senior Software Engineer, Infrastructure and Platform, you'll design and build the core infrastructure powering the client's data generation, evaluation, and agentic systems — the shared platforms that let engineers and research teams run large-scale human-in-the-loop workflows, evaluation harnesses, and automated data pipelines used to train frontier models. Tech stack: Python, JavaScript (Node.js / Next.js) · GCP / AWS · message queues / event-driven (Kafka, RabbitMQ, Pub/Sub) · high-throughput async data pipelines · (also Go, Redis, Elasticsearch, Kubernetes).
Principal Software Engineer Twilio IncPrincipal Software EngineerSan Francisco, CAThis position is needed to lead the planning, design, development, and testing of large-scale software systems and new product capabilities, including cloud and internet-facing services. Required: 12+ years of experience designing and developing highly-available, high-scale, secure, mission critical native cloud enterprise SaaS applications in Java, Go or Python.
Sr. Software Engineer, High Performance Computing Starlink Space Exploration Technologies CorpSr. Software Engineer, High Performance Computing StarlinkPalo Alto, CA$175,000–$240,000 / yearRESPONSIBILITIES: Develop highly reliable, real-time software that determines which beams (user, laser, gateway, etc) should be formed in order to provide the best possible user experience for our low-latency, high-bandwidth satellite-based global network. Develop tools for software development and deployment, data analysis and visualization, and test execution across multiple environments, including virtualized hardware environments, real hardware-in-the-loop simulations, and on-orbit testing.
NewStaff Software Engineer, Product Security Snowflake IncStaff Software Engineer, Product SecurityMenlo Park, CA$236,000–$339,250 / yearWe tackle complex problems spanning security architecture, automated security reviews, software supply-chain security, vulnerability management, and AI-assisted security at Snowflake's scale. We look for low-ego individuals who thrive in dynamic and fast-moving environments and move with an experimental mindset - who rapidly test emerging capabilities to discover simpler, more powerful ways to deliver results.
NewSoftware Engineer Flow Carbon IncSoftware EngineerSan Francisco, CAWe also value people who are deeply curious, move quickly, and care about shipping tools that are actually used in the real world - not just in demos, but in physical environments like buildings, where software has to support real teams, real operations, real neighbors and real outcomes. Our title says "software engineer," but the mindset we're looking for is closer to a product engineer: someone who wants to deeply understand what our end users - neighbors and operators - actually need, and who treats technology as a tool in service of that outcome rather than an end in itself.
Software Engineer II - Identity Electronic Arts IncSoftware Engineer II - IdentityRedwood City, CA$120,600–$184,000 / yearOur teams deliver the live services and backend infrastructure that are used to ship, scale, and operate secure, reliable game experiences for millions of players worldwide. Together, we power the platforms, AI-driven tools, live services, and infrastructure that ensure global scale, secure player experiences, and unlock bold new possibilities.
Senior Software Engineer Data & AI Solutions Natera IncSenior Software Engineer Data & AI SolutionsCA$125,000–$156,300 / yearJob Summary: Natera is seeking an experienced Senior Software Engineer with modern data engineering and AI-enabled development skills with deep scientific R&D background to design and build data products that directly support genomics research and translational science. The Natera team consists of highly dedicated statisticians, geneticists, doctors, laboratory scientists, business professionals, software engineers and many other professionals from world-class institutions, who care deeply for our work and each other.
Staff Software Engineer, Core AI Platforms GustoStaff Software Engineer, Core AI PlatformsSan Francisco, CA$163,000–$204,000 / yearHere's what you'll do day-to-day: Design and maintain evaluation frameworks across offline and online environments - including golden datasets, LLM-as-judge pipelines, and production replay - while establishing regression gates and end-to-end observability and tracing for agent runs. AI fluency: fluent, daily use of AI coding assistants (e.g., Claude Code, or equivalent AI harness) across the development lifecycle - writing, reviewing, debugging, and documenting code - with strong judgment on when to apply them, how to evaluate output quality, and how to stay current as the tooling evolves.
NewPrincipal Mechanical Engineer JobotPrincipal Mechanical EngineerMountain View, CA$200,000–$260,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. Founded by industry veterans from leading aerospace and satellite organizations, the company has rapidly grown into a team of over 200 engineers, scientists, and innovators focused on building next-generation space infrastructure.
Software Engineer - Security PerplexitySoftware Engineer - SecuritySan Francisco, California4+ years of experience as a software engineer with significant time spent building security-related tools, platforms, or automations, or in a security engineering role with strong software development responsibilities. This role focuses on engineering security tools and internal AI-driven agents that improve detection and response, vulnerability management, and the overall security posture of our products and infrastructure.
Member of Technical Staff (Software Engineer, Security) PerplexityMember of Technical Staff (Software Engineer, Security)San Francisco, California4+ years of experience as a software engineer with significant time spent building security-related tools, platforms, or automations, or in a security engineering role with strong software development responsibilities. This role focuses on engineering security tools and internal AI-driven agents that improve detection and response, vulnerability management, and the overall security posture of our products and infrastructure.
Senior Software Engineer, Mobile Twin HealthSenior Software Engineer, MobileMenlo Park, CARemote$160,000–$180,000 / yearTwin has an ambitious vision to empower people to live healthier and happier lives, and to achieve this purpose, we need the very best people to enhance our cutting-edge technology and medical science, deliver the best possible care, and turn our passion into value for our members, partners and investors. With more than $100 million raised in recent funding, including a $53 million Series E round in 2025 led by Maj Invest, and a $50 million investment in 2023 led by Temasek, Twin is scaling rapidly across the U.S. and globally.
Sr. Software Engineer Pilot.com IncSr. Software EngineerSan Francisco, CA$166,000–$200,000 / yearOur work includes reconciliation tools, integrations with third-party financial systems, and the platform capabilities needed to operate deterministic automation and agent-assisted workflows safely and reliably in production. You''ll partner closely with engineers, product managers, designers, and bookkeeping experts to deliver systems that improve the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of Pilot''s bookkeeping workflows.
Software Engineer III, Voice AI Natera IncSoftware Engineer III, Voice AICAThis role requires strong expertise in TypeScript and Node.js, hands-on experience with voice AI pipelines (STT, LLM orchestration, TTS), and familiarity with telephony systems, agentic architectures, and event-driven design. Familiarity with voice AI pipeline components: STT (Deepgram, Azure Speech, OpenAI Whisper), TTS (ElevenLabs, OpenAI, Cartesia), and LLM APIs (OpenAI Realtime API, Anthropic Claude).
Senior Software Engineer 2, IAM DrataSenior Software Engineer 2, IAMSan Francisco, CA$174,500–$236,100 / yearThe Senior Software Engineer will work closely with management and other leads to design and implement new systems, maintain operations of the production systems and to coordinate work across all the initiatives of the Engineering team. Job Summary: The Senior Software Engineer II helps lead the platform development by making architecture decisions to ensure we're building clean, maintainable, and beautiful applications.
Senior Software Engineer, AI Platform for User Experiences Snowflake IncSenior Software Engineer, AI Platform for User ExperiencesMenlo Park, CA$200,000–$287,500 / yearBuild and enhance internal tools, including our coding agent/orchestrator, to create AI-assisted workflows that enable self-serve building of production features end-to-end on the platform through prompts. AS A SENIOR SOFTWARE ENGINEER FOR THE APPS & EXPERIENCES PLATFORM TEAM, YOU WILL: Design, build, and operate scalable backend services and platform infrastructure that power Snowflake's user-facing applications.
NewSenior Software Engineer, Training & Experimentation Lightning AISenior Software Engineer, Training & ExperimentationSan Francisco, CA$180,000–$250,000 / yearYou''ll work across distributed training infrastructure, workload orchestration, experiment management, developer tooling, and platform APIs while partnering closely with our Managed Infrastructure, Core Platform, and Optimized Compute teams. This is an opportunity to build systems that support real-world AI workloads at scale while shaping the developer experience used by researchers, startups, and enterprise AI teams around the world.
Senior Software Engineer, Platform Fullstack AirbyteSenior Software Engineer, Platform FullstackSan Francisco, CaliforniaWe create the infrastructure, internal tooling, developer platforms, and user-facing product surfaces that allow engineers to build quickly, deploy safely, and operate reliably at scale. As a Senior Fullstack Engineer on Platform, you'll work across the full stack to build both the internal tools that accelerate engineering and the user-facing features that customers interact with directly.
Principal Software Engineer, Workers Deploy & Config Cloudflare IncPrincipal Software Engineer, Workers Deploy & ConfigSan Francisco, CA$220,000–$303,000 / yearYou'll build the critical large-scale systems that let developers deploy, configure, and manage Workers globally, powering everything from simple static sites to full-stack applications serving millions of users. Athenian Project: In 2017, we created the Athenian Project to ensure that state and local governments have the highest level of protection and reliability for free, so that their constituents have access to election information and voter registration.
Internship, Software Engineer Diagnostics, Energy Engineering (Fall 2026) Tesla IncInternship, Software Engineer Diagnostics, Energy Engineering (Fall 2026)Palo Alto, CA$20–$50 / hourA successful engineer is one that can incorporate product vision, cross-functional collaboration amongst firmware/hardware design, service engineering, diagnostics teams, manufacturing, quality and reliability firmware to execute efficiently and deliver a top-tier user experience through excellent engineering. As a Full-Stack Software Engineer Intern in Energy Engineering, you will be responsible for specifying, building, and maintaining the next generation of diagnostic tooling for our Industrial Energy Devices.
Distributed Systems Engineer, Build Infrastructure, Vehicle Software Tesla IncDistributed Systems Engineer, Build Infrastructure, Vehicle SoftwarePalo Alto, CA$140,000–$312,000 / yearThis role directly impacts real-world Tesla customers by enhancing the speed and reliability of Over-the-Air updates, involves making decisions on the products delivered to customers, and plays a part in accelerating the world s transition to sustainable energy. Along with competitive pay, as a full-time Tesla employee, you are eligible for the following benefits at day 1 of hire: Medical plans > plan options with $0 payroll deduction.
Senior / Staff Software Engineer, Mapping WaabiSenior / Staff Software Engineer, MappingSan Francisco, CA$141,000–$242,000 / yearWith offices in Toronto, San Francisco, Dallas, and Pittsburgh, Waabi is growing quickly and looking for diverse, innovative and collaborative candidates who want to impact the world in a positive way. We are looking for a strong software generalist who thrives on variety, can easily pivot across different projects, and tackles complex distributed systems problems from data ingestion to real-time serving.
Software Engineer Q-CTRLSoftware EngineerSan Francisco, CA$130,000–$170,000 / yearAt Q-CTRL, Quantum Computing Engineering is a global team of software engineers and infrastructure experts,combining deep technical expertise with a startup mindset to deliver real impact through software innovation. You'll work alongside compiler engineers and researchers to develop scalable backend systems, APIs and performance-critical services while growing your understanding of compiler technologies and quantum computing.
NewInternship, Engineering Automation Software Engineer, Vehicle Engineering (Winter/Spring 2027) Tesla IncInternship, Engineering Automation Software Engineer, Vehicle Engineering (Winter/Spring 2027)Palo Alto, CA$20–$50 / hourProficiency with software engineering best practices including writing production quality code, agile development, API design, version control, CI/CD (docker, kubernetes, jenkins), and familiarity with major cloud platforms (AWS, GCP, Azure). Our year-round program places the best students in positions where they will grow technically, professionally, and personally through their experience working closely with their Manager, Mentor, and team.
Principal Software Engineer, Backend (Connectivity) Salesforce IncPrincipal Software Engineer, Backend (Connectivity)San Francisco, CA$197,300–$313,700 / yearWe believe that autonomous teams lead to better outcomes by delivering meaningful value to our customers, building stronger products, and creating a more fulfilling environment for our people. About Us: We are driving agentic integration initiatives by empowering agents with connectivity through MuleSoft Connectors and Model Context Protocol (MCP) to enable automation across platforms.
Software Engineer - Backend Cardless IncSoftware Engineer - BackendSan Francisco, CA$165,000–$260,000 / yearYou'll play a key role in designing, building, and scaling the systems that power our co-branded credit card platform spanning domains like applications, accounts, transactions, fraud, risk, and rewards. Collaborate cross-functionally with product managers, designers, other engineers, and stakeholders (external partners, risk, compliance) to deliver high-quality features quickly and reliably.
Software Engineer- Model Performance Systems BasetenSoftware Engineer- Model Performance SystemsSan Francisco, CaliforniaBy uniting applied AI research, flexible infrastructure, and seamless developer tooling, we enable companies operating at the frontier of AI to bring cutting-edge models into production. You will not just be building the automated "speedometer and diagnostic" suite for our next-generation AI infrastructure; you will be defining the roadmap, driving key technical decisions, and taking full ownership of the future of this work.
Software Engineer - Infrastructure BasetenSoftware Engineer - InfrastructureSan Francisco, CaliforniaBy uniting applied AI research, flexible infrastructure, and seamless developer tooling, we enable companies operating at the frontier of AI to bring cutting-edge models into production. Baseten powers mission-critical inference for the world's most dynamic AI companies, like Cursor, Notion, OpenEvidence, Abridge, Clay, Gamma and Writer.