Product Compliance Engineer FigureProduct Compliance EngineerSan Jose, California$150,000–$250,000 / yearYou will work cross‑functionally with mechanical, electrical, controls, software, manufacturing, and legal teams to ensure the robot is safe, certifiable, and ready for deployment in real‑world human environments. At least 5 years of experience in product safety engineering in robotics, consumer electronics, automotive, medical devices, industrial automation, or similar regulated hardware domains.
Vehicle Integration Engineer KodiakVehicle Integration EngineerMountain View, CaliforniaShould the position require, and Kodiak determines that a candidate’s residence, U.S. person status, and/or citizenship status necessitate an export license, bar the candidate from the position, or otherwise fall under national security-related restrictions, Kodiak will consider the candidate for alternative positions unaffected by such restrictions, under terms and conditions set forth at Kodiak’s sole discretion, or, as an alternative, opt not to proceed with the candidate’s application. Accordingly, roles that carry more sensitive requirements may be limited to candidates that can satisfy additional scrutiny and eligibility for such positions may hinge on verification of a candidate’s residence, U.S. person status, and/or citizenship status.
Sensor Hardware Engineer KodiakSensor Hardware EngineerMountain View, CaliforniaThe company has developed an artificial intelligence (AI) powered technology stack purpose-built for commercial trucking and the public sector. We are looking for a Sensor Hardware Engineer to join us and help develop world-class sensor systems for autonomous trucking.
Staff Powertrain Manufacturing Engineer Archer AviationStaff Powertrain Manufacturing EngineerSan Jose, CA$152,100–$190,100 / yearWe're looking for a Powertrain Manufacturing Engineer who is experienced with electric motors and its integration into the higher level assembly and is passionate about bridging design and production - someone who thrives on creating scalable manufacturing systems, optimizing complex processes, and building world-class hardware from the ground up. What You'll Do: Contribute to the design and scaling of Archer's Electric Propulsion System production line - from concept to high-rate manufacturing - including layout, automation strategy, tooling, and ramp-up planning.
Fleet Reliability Engineer Dyna RoboticsFleet Reliability EngineerRedwood City, CaliforniaBench-test suspect actuators and electronics, rework and repair (soldering, harness and connector work), swap and re-commission components, and run physical validation with calipers, test fixtures, and boot and power-cycle rigs you build yourself. Working knowledge of robot control: impedance and torque-controlled actuators, force-control parameters, and controller state lifecycles (boot, e-stop, reconnect).
Field Systems Engineer Pipeline Zipline International IncField Systems Engineer PipelineSouth San Francisco, CAOur customers include the world's largest and most prominent healthcare systems, governments, retailers, restaurants and global businesses who rely on us to save lives, reduce emissions, increase economic opportunity, and provide delivery from point A to point B as fast as possible. We are responsible for understanding how Platform 2 performs in the real world, resolving its hardest technical problems, and turning what we learn into lasting improvements to the product and the way it is operated and maintained.
Manufacturing Engineer 2 Lam Research CorpManufacturing Engineer 2Fremont, CA$73,000–$159,000 / yearBachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering, Production Engineering, Industrial Engineering, or related field with 2+ years of experience; or advanced degree with no previous professional experience; or equivalent experience. Join Lam as a Manufacturing Engineer where you'll play a crucial role in supporting the new product pilot production factory, virtual manufacturing, or high-volume manufacturing production factory.
Lead Engineer, Embedded Archer Aviation IncLead Engineer, EmbeddedSan Jose, CA$150,000–$180,000 / yearArcher is an aerospace company based in San Jose, California building an all-electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft with a mission to advance the benefits of sustainable air mobility. Our sights are set high and our problems are hard, and we believe that diversity in the workplace is what makes us smarter, drives better insights, and will ultimately lift us all to success.
Lead Engineer, Embedded Archer AviationLead Engineer, EmbeddedSan Jose, CA$150,000–$180,000 / yearBonus Qualifications: Full in-house design capability across the stack: schematic capture, component selection, Experience deploying GPU-accelerated edge compute (i.e. NVIDIA Jetson Orin family), including power and thermal integration. This role owns the embedded hardware side of a new device program end-to-end and works in close partnership with a software-focused technical lead who owns the application stack.
Failure Analysis Engineer Zipline International IncFailure Analysis EngineerSouth San Francisco, CAOur customers include the world's largest and most prominent healthcare systems, governments, retailers, restaurants and global businesses who rely on us to save lives, reduce emissions, increase economic opportunity, and provide delivery from point A to point B as fast as possible. This is a hands-on role suited to an early-career engineer or highly technical hardware professional who enjoys working in the lab and wants to develop deeper expertise in electronics, materials, reliability, and physical failure analysis.
Staff Powertrain Manufacturing Engineer Archer Aviation IncStaff Powertrain Manufacturing EngineerSan Jose, CA$152,100–$190,100 / yearWe're looking for a Powertrain Manufacturing Engineer who is experienced with electric motors and its integration into the higher level assembly and is passionate about bridging design and production - someone who thrives on creating scalable manufacturing systems, optimizing complex processes, and building world-class hardware from the ground up. What You'll Do: Contribute to the design and scaling of Archer's Electric Propulsion System production line - from concept to high-rate manufacturing - including layout, automation strategy, tooling, and ramp-up planning.
Hardware Engineer Wayve Technologies LtdHardware EngineerSunnyvale, CAYou will work hands-on with cutting-edge computing platforms, collaborating across hardware, software, and systems teams to design, bring up, and validate mission-critical electronics that enable embodied AI. This role focuses on low-level electronics design, embedded systems, and high-performance compute integration translating autonomy requirements into robust, scalable hardware systems.
System Integration Engineer Wayve Technologies LtdSystem Integration EngineerSunnyvale, CAAt Wayve we want the best of all worlds so we operate a hybrid working policy that combines time together in our offices and workshops to fuel innovation, culture, relationships and learning, and time spent working from home. We aim high and stay humble in our pursuit of excellence, constantly learning and evolving as we pave the way for a smarter, safer future.
Senior ECAD Library & Engineering Data Engineer Zipline International IncSenior ECAD Library & Engineering Data EngineerSouth San Francisco, CAOur customers include the world's largest and most prominent healthcare systems, governments, retailers, restaurants and global businesses who rely on us to save lives, reduce emissions, increase economic opportunity, and provide delivery from point A to point B as fast as possible. Audit and clean up existing library data, resolving duplicates, obsolete records, missing models, inconsistent parameters, and conflicting part numbers without breaking released-design traceability.
Hardware Integration Engineer Archer Aviation IncHardware Integration EngineerSan Jose, CA$140,000–$260,000 / yearWhat you''ll do: Own the physical build and bring-up of subscale aircraft platforms - mounting and wiring flight controllers, companion computers, radios, and sensor payloads. Archer is an aerospace company based in San Jose, California building an all-electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft with a mission to advance the benefits of sustainable air mobility.
NewField Service Engineer Dexterity.aiField Service EngineerRedwood City, CA$80,000–$110,000 / yearSoftware & Systems Triage: Use Linux/UNIX command line interfaces (CLI), networking diagnostics, and trace/debug logs directly on customer sites to diagnose and resolve operational anomalies. Dexterity's Mech systems combine Foresight world model, robotics, and Physical AI platform to perform demanding logistics workflows, including trailer loading, trailer unloading, airport baggage handling, etc.
Staff Machine Learning Engineer, End-to-End Autonomy Rivian Automotive IncStaff Machine Learning Engineer, End-to-End AutonomyPalo Alto, CA$243,000–$304,800 / yearKey areas of responsibility include: Developing technical strategy and architecture for end-to-end autonomous driving model Developing multi-modal, multi-task transformer-based systems that support closed-loop autonomy Building training and evaluation pipelines at scale across petabytes of real-world and simulated driving data Collaborating with cross-functional teams across perception, planning, simulation, and ML infrastructure Driving alignment between model capabilities and real-world deployment constraints (latency, robustness, validation) Publishing internal technical guidance and mentoring engineers across autonomy ML Qualifications B.S., M.S., or Ph. Rivian may use your Candidate Personal Data for the purposes of (i) tracking interactions with our recruiting system; (ii) carrying out, analyzing and improving our application and recruitment process, including assessing you and your application and conducting employment, background and reference checks; (iii) establishing an employment relationship or entering into an employment contract with you; (iv) complying with our legal, regulatory and corporate governance obligations; (v) recordkeeping; (vi) ensuring network and information security and preventing fraud; and (vii) as otherwise required or permitted by applicable law.
Senior Machine Learning Engineer Unity Software IncSenior Machine Learning EngineerMountain View, CAWhile specific benefits vary, here are some of the ways we strive to take care of our eligible team members globally: Comprehensive health, life, and disability insurance | Commute subsidy | Employee stock ownership | Competitive retirement/pension plans | Generous vacation and personal days | Support for new parents through leave and family-care programs | Office food snacks | Mental Health and Wellbeing programs and support | Employee Resource Groups | Global Employee Assistance Program | Training and development programs | Volunteering and donation matching program. This position requires the incumbent to have a sufficient knowledge of English to have professional verbal and written exchanges in this language since the performance of the duties related to this position requires frequent and regular communication with colleagues and partners located worldwide and whose common language is English.
NewField Service Engineer Dexterity IncField Service EngineerRedwood City, CA$80,000–$110,000 / yearSoftware & Systems Triage: Use Linux/UNIX command line interfaces (CLI), networking diagnostics, and trace/debug logs directly on customer sites to diagnose and resolve operational anomalies. Dexterity's Mech systems combine Foresight world model, robotics, and Physical AI platform to perform demanding logistics workflows, including trailer loading, trailer unloading, airport baggage handling, etc.
Senior Quality Engineer, Advanced Hardware Manufacturing Zoox IncSenior Quality Engineer, Advanced Hardware ManufacturingFremont, CA$178,000–$214,000 / yearLead Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) and guide teams to create quality documents including detailed Process Flow Diagrams, Process Failure Mode Analysis (PFMEA), Inspection Reports, Dimensional reports, Functional Test Reports (FTR's), Process Certs, Material Certs, Rework instructions, Temporary Deviation Orders (TDO's), Packaging Reports, Part Submission Warrants (PSW's) in various quality databases including ETQ, Jira, RGBSI, 3DX, and other Internal Quality Logs. 8+ years of proven progressive manufacturing/design quality experience setting up and sustaining new complex serialized electro-mechanical manufacturing lines (Automotive, Robotics, Aerospace, Complex Capital Equipment).
Senior Chassis Engineer - Actuators/Brakes Zoox IncSenior Chassis Engineer - Actuators/BrakesFoster City, CA$187,000–$225,000 / yearWorking in a highly cross-functional environment, you will bridge the gap between physical hardware and autonomous execution, collaborating daily with Vehicle Integration, Functional Safety, Firmware, and Validation teams to bring our next-generation vehicle to life. In this role, you will: Own the product lifecycle of the Zoox robotaxi brake system from initial concept through production, managing the development of mechanical hardware, software, and complex electromechanical systems.
Staff Software Engineer, Localization AeroVect Technologies IncStaff Software Engineer, LocalizationSouth San Francisco, CAYoull take deep ownership of specific workstreams, contribute to the teams technical direction, and partner across the perception, planning, and platform interfaces to help drive the autonomous system from supervised operation to driverless. Take ownership of one or more core areas of the localization stack (LiDAR-inertial-GNSS state estimation, 3D mapping and map maintenance, or sensor calibration) and drive it to production reliability on real hardware at active airports.
Senior Software Engineer, Localization (Calibration) AeroVect Technologies IncSenior Software Engineer, Localization (Calibration)South San Francisco, CAWho We Are AeroVect is transforming ground handling with autonomy, redefining how airlines and ground service providers around the globe run day-to-day operations. You will work under the supervision of a Staff Localization Engineer and collaborate closely with the Perception, Planning, and Infrastructure teams.
Field Application Engineer SeyondField Application EngineerSunnyvale, California$70,000–$120,000 / yearFounded in Silicon Valley with strategically placed research and manufacturing facilities across the globe, Seyond is crafting LiDAR solutions that elevate autonomous driving and fuel the advancement of smart infrastructure development. Seyond is a leading global provider of image-grade LiDAR technology, powering a safer, smarter and more mobile world across the automotive, intelligent transportation, robotics and industrial automation sectors.
Sr. Motion Planning and Controls Engineer Lucid Group IncSr. Motion Planning and Controls EngineerNewark, CA$158,400–$217,800 / yearSalary Range: The compensation range for this position is specific to the locations listed below and is the range Lucid reasonably and in good faith expects to pay for the position taking into account the wide variety of factors that are considered in making compensation decisions, including job-related knowledge; skillset; experience, education and training; certifications; and other relevant business and organizational factors. In Lucid Air and Lucid Gravity, we have designed and built vehicles that have redefined their segments, combining exceptional range, performance, design, and expansive space in a single experience.
Senior Systems Integration Engineer, Thermal Zoox IncSenior Systems Integration Engineer, ThermalFoster City, CA$196,000–$236,000 / yearCollaboration with cross-functional teams is essential, as you'll work with vehicle integration, feature integration, firmware, and vehicle component development teams to deliver the overall reliability and performance of our cutting-edge vehicles. We are looking for an engineer who is passionate about developing a groundbreaking Robotaxi, has a strong system engineering background, has extensive thermal system experience, has system problem-solving skills, and has a commitment to delivering on time.
Staff Lidar System Engineer SeyondStaff Lidar System EngineerSunnyvale, CA$160,000–$250,000 / yearBachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, Optics, Robotics, or a related discipline with at least 8 years of relevant experience; a Master's degree with at least 6 years of experience; or a PhD with at least 3 years of experience. Perform system-level analysis covering detection range, point-cloud quality, accuracy, precision, resolution, field of view, reflectivity, crosstalk, interference, environmental robustness, thermal performance, and system reliability.
Software Engineer, Autonomous Vehicles Software Systems - Early Career General MotorsSoftware Engineer, Autonomous Vehicles Software Systems - Early CareerSunnyvale, CA$99,400–$153,900 / yearBenefit options include medical, dental, vision, Health Savings Account, Flexible Spending Accounts, retirement savings plan, sickness and accident benefits, life insurance, paid vacation & holidays, tuition assistance programs, employee assistance program, GM vehicle discounts and more. Recently completed or completing Master's degree in Spring 2026 in Computer Science, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Physics, Data Science, or related fields.
Senior / Staff Quality Engineer ZooxSenior / Staff Quality EngineerFoster City, CAThe Quality Engineer will interact with Corporate Quality, Field Quality, Manufacturing, Design Engineering, and fleet operations to ensure the products released to service are meeting design specifications, functionality, customer expectations, and required documentation. In this role, you will: Manage quality issue tracking to implement Containment, drive Root Cause Analysis and Corrective Action for non-conformances identified during production quality audits and vehicle release process.
Systems Engineer queueincSystems EngineerNewark, CaliforniaFluency across hardware, software, controls, and operations, with deep knowledge in one or more of: electronics, embedded software, distributed software, mechatronics, or mechanical systems. Direct robotics experience is not required — we welcome candidates from adjacent complex-systems domains (e.g., aerospace, automotive, medical devices, industrial automation).
Senior Systems Engineer, Vehicle Body Control Systems Waymo LLCSenior Systems Engineer, Vehicle Body Control SystemsMountain View, CA$196,000–$242,000 / yearSince its start as the Google Self-Driving Car Project in 2009, Waymo has focused on building the Waymo Driver-The World''s Most Experienced Driver-to improve access to mobility while saving thousands of lives now lost to traffic crashes. Develop Embedded Software/Hardware Specifications: Write detailed requirements for internal embedded software and hardware adjacencies to implement Body Control functions (e.g., doors, locks, windows, HVAC, lighting, and SDS interfaces).
Senior Advanced Manufacturing Engineer Knightscope IncSenior Advanced Manufacturing EngineerSunnyvale, CA$160,000–$175,000 / year10 years Advanced Manufacturing Engineering experience Proven ownership of manufacturing processes in production environment Demonstrated NPI leadership multi-phase prototype to production Experience stabilizing production ramps in complex electromechanical systems Strong DFM authority and cross-functional influence Experience mentoring or managing engineers Automotive or high-complexity electro-mechanical systems experience preferred. Team Leadership & Development Directly manage and develop two Manufacturing Engineers Set execution priorities across concurrent programs Elevate technical capability and accountability within the team Establish clear manufacturing engineering ownership model.
Staff System Engineer – ADAS/AD Safety Lucid MotorsStaff System Engineer – ADAS/AD SafetyNewark, CA$164,600–$241,450 / yearSalary Range : The compensation range for this position is specific to the locations listed below and is the range Lucid reasonably and in good faith expects to pay for the position taking into account the wide variety of factors that are considered in making compensation decisions, including job-related knowledge; skillset; experience, education and training; certifications; and other relevant business and organizational factors. · Own the derivation and authoring of Technical Safety Concepts and Technical Safety Requirements, ensuring proper allocation to sensors, ECUs, software modules, actuators, vehicle networks, and operational assets.
Staff Embedded Software Engineer LightmatterStaff Embedded Software EngineerMountain View, CA$191,000–$215,000 / yearThe company invented the world's first 3D-stacked photonics engine, Passage, capable of connecting thousands to millions of processors at the speed of light in extreme-scale data centers for the most advanced AI and HPC workloads. Collaborate across a multidisciplinary team including Photonic, Analog, Digital, Systems and Network experts to define control plane architecture for Lightmatter's photonic interconnect products.
Firmware Validation Engineer - Battery Management Systems ZooxFirmware Validation Engineer - Battery Management SystemsFoster City, CA$155,000–$211,000 / yearYour work directly impacts the quality and readiness of customer-facing features by catching issues early, improving integration stability, and ensuring smooth delivery of these features to internal customers. Through close collaboration with firmware developers, systems engineers and cross-functional teams, you will help deliver robust and reliable features to production.
NewElectrical Design Engineer KLA CorporationElectrical Design EngineerMilpitas, CA$117,800–$200,300 / yearAs an Electrical Hardware Engineer III, you will play a critical role in the development of instrumented wafer products that integrate precision sensors, embedded electronics, power management, communications, and data acquisition technologies into highly constrained environments. The company provides measurement and control solutions to both semiconductor fabs and mask shops to ensure that yields are consistently high thus enabling cost-effective manufacturing SensArray business unit is dedicate to support customer R&D phase as well as HVM with in-situ thermal process control.
Staff Systems Engineer, Hardware Architecture Waymo LLCStaff Systems Engineer, Hardware ArchitectureMountain View, CA$230,000–$284,000 / yearSince its start as the Google Self-Driving Car Project in 2009, Waymo has focused on building the Waymo Driver-The World''s Most Experienced Driver-to improve access to mobility while saving thousands of lives now lost to traffic crashes. The Waymo Driver has provided over ten million rider-only trips, enabled by its experience autonomously driving over 100 million miles on public roads and tens of billions in simulation across 15+ U.S. states.
PCB Layout Engineer Skydio IncPCB Layout EngineerSan Mateo, CA$147,500–$210,000 / yearThe Skydio team combines deep expertise in artificial intelligence, best-in-class hardware and software product development, operational excellence, and customer obsession to empower a broader, more diverse audience of drone users, from utility inspectors to first responders, soldiers in battlefield scenarios and beyond. How youll make an impact: Own layout of Skydio's complex PCBAs for next generation products: outline definition, stack-up design, high-density placement, precision routing, and release to manufacturing.
Firmware Validation Engineer ZooxFirmware Validation EngineerFoster City, CAYour work directly impacts the quality and readiness of customer-facing features by catching issues early, improving integration stability, and ensuring smooth delivery of these features to internal customers. Here at Zoox, we know that diverse perspectives foster the innovation we need to be successful, and we are committed to building a team that encompasses a variety of backgrounds, experiences, and skills.
Manufacturing Engineer FigureManufacturing EngineerSan Jose, California$115,000–$250,000 / yearFigure is an AI robotics company developing autonomous general-purpose humanoid robots. Collaborate with cross-functional teams to ensure manufacturability and design for assembly principles are incorporated.
New Products Mechanical Design Engineer Zipline International IncNew Products Mechanical Design EngineerSouth San Francisco, CAOur customers include the world's largest and most prominent healthcare systems, governments, retailers, restaurants and global businesses who rely on us to save lives, reduce emissions, increase economic opportunity, and provide delivery from point A to point B as fast as possible. Required logistics: This role is onsite at our engineering lab/manufacturing campus with frequent hands-on build and test work; expect regular participation in flight-test campaigns and periodic travel (program-dependent) to launch/field sites.
Senior Staff Safety Assurance Engineer - Robot Safety 1X TechnologiesSenior Staff Safety Assurance Engineer - Robot SafetySan Carlos, CA$170,000–$259,000 / yearThe Safety Assurance function plays a critical role in defining how safety is measured, documented, validated, and operationalized as 1X scales embodied AI systems into homes and real-world environments. We develop the systems, methodologies, and operational frameworks that validate the safety of humanoid robots across autonomy, controls, perception, hardware, and deployment operations.
Senior Staff Functional Systems Safety Engineer - Robot Safety 1X TechnologiesSenior Staff Functional Systems Safety Engineer - Robot SafetySan Carlos, CA$170,000–$259,000 / yearThis role is responsible for ensuring safety requirements are properly defined, implemented, validated, and operationalized across complex integrated robotics systems as 1X scales embodied AI deployments globally. The Functional Systems Safety team plays a critical role in identifying, mitigating, and validating safety risks across autonomy, controls, hardware, software, and operational robotics systems.
Staff Autonomy Safety Engineer - Robot Safety 1X TechnologiesStaff Autonomy Safety Engineer - Robot SafetySan Carlos, CA$170,000–$259,000 / yearThis role is critical to ensuring our robots can safely operate alongside humans while maintaining reliability, scalability, and compliance across increasingly complex autonomous behaviors and real-world deployments. We work at the intersection of robotics, autonomy, controls, perception, and systems safety to develop the frameworks, tooling, and validation methodologies that enable safe deployment of humanoid robots at scale.
Sr. Reliability/Verification Engineer OusterSr. Reliability/Verification EngineerSan Francisco, CAFull timeThe Industrial Autonomy Team is seeking a senior reliability and verification engineer to design the test frameworks and validation strategies proving our products for autonomy and physical AI customers are safe and rugged. Within our small hardware team, you will be the gatekeeper for reliability, ensuring our compute, electromechanical, and safety-critical platforms survive harsh environments for customer deployment at scale.
Hardware Quality Engineer LeoLabsHardware Quality EngineerMenlo Park, CaliforniaAs orbital activity accelerates and threats grow more complex, LeoLabs is a trusted partner for Space Domain Awareness, Space Traffic Management, and Satellite Operations for top-tier space operators and allied defense organizations. You will work across engineering, manufacturing, supply chain, and external suppliers to develop scalable quality processes, investigate failures, and drive continuous improvement throughout the hardware lifecycle.
Field Service Engineer - California Bay Area Becton Dickinson and CoField Service Engineer - California Bay AreaSan Jose, CA$35–$40 / hourAssociate's degree in Electronics, Mechanical, Robotics, or Biomedical Engineering Technology preferred, plus 3-5 years field service experience (or equivalent combination of education and relevant experience). For most roles, we require a minimum of 4 days of in-office presence per week to maintain our culture of excellence and ensure smooth operations, while also recognizing the importance of flexibility and work-life balance.
Flight Software Engineer Reliable Robotics CorporationFlight Software EngineerMountain View, CaliforniaAs a Flight Software Engineer, you will develop highly deterministic C++ software in a bare metal environment that works with sensors & control systems, robustly handles system faults, and integrates with other vehicle subsystems. We are a team of mission-driven engineers with experience across aerospace, robotics and self-driving cars working to make this future a reality.
Senior Integration and Test Engineer - Bench Testing Latitude AI LLCSenior Integration and Test Engineer - Bench TestingPalo Alto, CA$155,360–$233,040 / yearWhen you join the Latitude team, you'll work alongside leading experts across machine learning and robotics, cloud platforms, mapping, sensors and compute systems, test operations, systems and safety engineering - all dedicated to making a real, positive impact on the driving experience for millions of people. What you''ll need to succeed: Bachelor''s degree in Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Robotics or a related field and 4+ years of relevant experience (or Master''s degree and 2+ years of relevant experience, or PhD).
Staff Deep Learning Engineer Hayden AI Technologies Inc.Staff Deep Learning EngineerSan Francisco, CAFrom bus lane and bus stop enforcement to transportation optimization technologies and beyond, our innovative mobile perception system empowers our clients to accelerate transit, enhance street safety, and drive toward a sustainable future. The team is responsible for building and maintaining advanced models that are able to perceive the world and the knowledge produced by the models is used downstream to implement various customer use-cases.