Component Engineer VersaLogic CorporationComponent EngineerTualatin, ORFull timeWorking closely with Supply Chain and Operations teams, the Component Engineer plays a critical role in maintaining product continuity, managing component obsolescence, and driving value through engineering analysis. The Component Engineer is responsible for the selection, qualification, lifecycle management, and cost optimization of electronic and mechanical components used in embedded hardware products.
NewDesign Engineer JobotDesign EngineerWoodburn, OR$65,000–$85,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. For nearly 60 years, we have completed over 10,000 projects across industrial, commercial, agricultural, aviation, government, and community sectors.
NewApplied Early Career Program - Field Service Engineer APPLIED MATERIALSApplied Early Career Program - Field Service EngineerHillsboro, OR$27–$37.40 / hourSalary: $27.00 - $37.40 Location: Austin,TX, Bloomington,MN, Boise,ID, Chandler,AZ, Dallas-Richardson,TX, Hillsboro,OR, Phoenix,AZ You’ll benefit from a supportive work culture that encourages you to learn, develop, and grow your career as you take on challenges and drive innovative solutions for our customers. If you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor.
NewGeotechnical Structural Engineer Davron LLCGeotechnical Structural EngineerPortland, ORThis founding-level role offers exceptional autonomy, major financial upside, and the chance to shape elite field operations involving advanced subsurface geology, heavy-load structural systems, luxury vault environments, and proprietary material science applications. The Geotechnical Structural Engineer position in Portland, OR is an extraordinary opportunity to join a brand-new, highly specialized asset security and architectural infrastructure firm serving ultra-high-net-worth and sovereign family clients.
NewOSP Engineer Mountain Ltd.OSP EngineerBeaverton, ORPerforms duties such as collecting field data, preparing/organizing permit packages for submittal to the appropriate entities, maintaining complex files, keeping records, searching, and investigating information contained in files, processing departmental documents requiring specific knowledge of functional operations, posting records including accounting and continuing property records, typing correspondence and reports from rough drafts, and assisting engineers as requested. The OSP Engineer performs detailed outside plant facility engineering tasks that includes estimating, analyzing, designing, planning, budget tracking estimates against actual costs for copper and fiber cables, poles, direct buried and conduit systems.
Senior IC Packaging Engineer MicrosoftSenior IC Packaging EngineerHillsboro, OR$119,800–$234,700 / yearDoctorate in Physics, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Chemistry, or related field AND 3+ years technical engineering experience OR Masters Degree in Physics, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Chemistry, or related field AND 6+ years technical engineering experience OR Bachelors Degree in Physics, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Chemistry, or related field AND 8+ years technical engineering experience OR equivalent experience. Doctorate in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, Chemistry or related field AND 1+ year(s) technical engineering experience OR Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, Chemistry or related field AND 4+ years technical engineering experience OR Bachelors Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, Chemistry or related field AND 5+ years technical engineering experience OR equivalent experience.
Quality Coordinator Fujimi CorporationQuality CoordinatorTualatin, ORFull timeMust have strong verbal and written communication skills with the ability to successfully interface with technical and non-technical personnel to lead teams to resolve quality issues or improvement. This position will drive quality improvement by monitoring data collected from the process operations and apply problem solving techniques, quality verification and continuous improvement programs (CIP) for Fujimi Corporation.
Senior Test Engineer MicrosoftSenior Test EngineerHillsboro, OR$119,800–$234,700 / yearDoctorate in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 1+ year(s) technical engineering experience OR Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 4+ years technical engineering experience OR Bachelors Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 5+ years technical engineering experience OR equivalent experience. To achieve this goal, the Silicon Manufacturing and Product Engineering team is instrumental in defining and delivering operational measures of success for hardware manufacturing, improving the planning process, quality, delivery, scale and sustainability related to Microsoft cloud hardware.
Senior PCIe Bridge Design Verification Engineer MicrosoftSenior PCIe Bridge Design Verification EngineerHillsboro, OR$119,800–$234,700 / yearDoctorate in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 1+ year(s) technical engineering experience OR Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 4+ years technical engineering experience OR Bachelors Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 5+ years technical engineering experience OR equivalent experience. 7+ years of related technical engineering experience OR Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, or related field AND 5+ years technical engineering experience or internship experience.
Process Engineer - RF Test INTELProcess Engineer - RF TestLafayette, OR$172,200–$243,000 / yearAs a Senior HBI Module Development Engineer for Die-to-Wafer Hybrid Bonding (HBI), you will drive equipment development and manufacturability for next-generation hybrid bonding technologies, enabling Intel's leadership in advanced packaging for high-performance computing, AI, and chiplet architectures. You will bring deep technical expertise in hybrid bonding process or equipment engineering, contributing to both first-of-a-kind (FOK) platform development and optimization of manufacturing processes to support development and high-volume manufacturing environments.
Yield Development Engineer INTELYield Development EngineerHillsboro, OR$148,100–$209,100 / yearPreferred qualifications are in addition to the minimum requirements and are considered a plus factor in identifying top candidates Experience listed below would be obtained through a combination of your schoolwork, classes, research and/or relevant previous job and/or internship experiences. Collaborating with cross-functional teams, you will develop methods and tools to analyze vast data sets, identify yield limiters, and implement process changes that enable Intel to achieve its yield milestones.
NewLead EPC Substation Project Engineer LeidosLead EPC Substation Project EngineerPortland, OR$107,900–$195,050These consulting services provide clients with overall project management tasks in the areas of comprehensive engineering design of electrical transmission and distribution, substation and transmission line projects nationwide. March 31, 2026 For U.S. Positions: While subject to change based on business needs, Leidos reasonably anticipates that this job requisition will remain open for at least 3 days with an anticipated close date of no earlier than 3 days after the original posting date as listed above.
NewRefinery Inspection Engineer United States ArmyRefinery Inspection EngineerGresham, ILRequirements: Attend a 21-week paid training program to gain skills and certifications in bulk fueling systems operations, fuel system maintenance, fuel accountability, forecasting, fuel distribution, bulk fuel distribution, petroleum storage, packaged petroleum logistics, petroleum shipment, environmental regulation compliance, hazmat compliance, emergency management, technical inspections, and OSHA regulations. Your position provides an opportunity for honing technical skills by acquiring expertise in assembling refueling systems and equipment, conducting precise quality assurance checks, and efficiently managing the supply and storage of fuel from a variety of sources.
Sr. Supplier Quality Engineer SIG SAUER IncSr. Supplier Quality EngineerTualatin, ORSupplier Quality Engineer will collaborate with cross functional teams including Design Engineers, Manufacturing, internal Quality, Project Management, Production Planning, Incoming Inspection, Purchasing as well as outside manufacturing and OSP suppliers. Possess experience in evaluating and troubleshooting all steps from receiving inspection of raw material to final inspection of completed parts of the manufacturing processes at suppliers, and assist in implementing permanent corrective actions to the suppliers manufacturing process.
Supplier Quality Engineer, Sr. A-dec IncSupplier Quality Engineer, Sr.Newberg, ORProvides specialized quality engineering support for electrical commodities including printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs), cable and wire harness assemblies, electro-mechanical devices, sensors, power components, and related electronic systems. Ability to organize and lead cross-functional project teams; communicate effectively, including presentations; lead supplier audits; and apply FMEA and risk analysis in the evaluation of suppliers, parts and manufacturing processes.
Supplier Quality Engineer nLIGHT IncSupplier Quality EngineerCamas, WA$85,000–$95,000 / yearBachelor's degree in Engineering, Supply Chain, or related field and a minimum of 4 years experience in supplier quality, manufacturing engineering, or supply chain engineering, or an equivalent combination of education and experience. This position partners closely with internal engineering, quality, and supply chain teams to develop robust supplier relationships, drive continuous improvement, and support the successful introduction of new products.
Supplier Quality Engineer nLIGHTSupplier Quality EngineerCamas, WA$85,000–$95,000 / yearBachelor's degree in Engineering, Supply Chain, or related field and a minimum of 4 years experience in supplier quality, manufacturing engineering, or supply chain engineering, or an equivalent combination of education and experience. This position partners closely with internal engineering, quality, and supply chain teams to develop robust supplier relationships, drive continuous improvement, and support the successful introduction of new products.
Quality Engineer 2 - Metrology Leupold + StevensQuality Engineer 2 - MetrologyBeaverton, Oregon$80,000–$95,000 / yearBy providing team members with tools, training, information, analysis, processes, and problem-solving expertise our Quality Engineers serve as stewards of our brand, ensure the highest levels of quality and drive world class operational efficiency. The company was founded on the principle of giving customers and our team members ‘A Square Deal’; to us, this means advocating for the employment opportunities and advancements of all individuals regardless of race, color, sex, national origin, age, religion, physical or mental disability, marital status, veteran status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Quality Engineer 2 - Metrology Leupold + Stevens, Inc.Quality Engineer 2 - MetrologyBeaverton, OR$80,000–$95,000 / yearBy providing team members with tools, training, information, analysis, processes, and problem-solving expertise our Quality Engineers serve as stewards of our brand, ensure the highest levels of quality and drive world class operational efficiency. The company was founded on the principle of giving customers and our team members ‘A Square Deal’; to us, this means advocating for the employment opportunities and advancements of all individuals regardless of race, color, sex, national origin, age, religion, physical or mental disability, marital status, veteran status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Quality Engineer 2 - Metrology Leupold + StevensQuality Engineer 2 - MetrologyBeaverton, OregonBy providing team members with tools, training, information, analysis, processes, and problem-solving expertise our Quality Engineers serve as stewards of our brand, ensure the highest levels of quality and drive world class operational efficiency. The company was founded on the principle of giving customers and our team members ‘A Square Deal’; to us, this means advocating for the employment opportunities and advancements of all individuals regardless of race, color, sex, national origin, age, religion, physical or mental disability, marital status, veteran status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Quality Engineer 2 - Metrology Leupold & Stevens, Inc.Quality Engineer 2 - MetrologyBeaverton, OR$80,000–$95,000 / yearWhat You'll Be Doing as a Quality Engineer 2: By providing team members with tools, training, information, analysis, processes, and problem-solving expertise our Quality Engineers serve as stewards of our brand, ensure the highest levels of quality and drive world class operational efficiency. We still operate out of our Oregon-based factory to this day, producing innovative, battle-proven optics for the world's most relentless hunters, shooters, law enforcement officers, and military personnel.
Supplier Quality Engineer Actalent IncSupplier Quality EngineerPortland, OR$38–$45 / hourThe engineer serves as a key liaison between suppliers and cross-functional teams, driving continuous improvement, risk mitigation, and successful product launches while directly impacting supply chain stability and manufacturing performance. This role leads preventive, proactive, and reactive supplier performance initiatives to ensure suppliers consistently meet requirements for quality, delivery, capacity, and operational excellence.
Supplier Quality Engineer A-dec IncSupplier Quality EngineerNewberg, ORProvides specialized quality engineering support for electrical commodities including printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs), cable and wire harness assemblies, electro-mechanical devices, sensors, power components, and related electronic systems. Requests, reviews and provides input for part qualification approval elements such as, critical dimension capability studies, packaging plans, control plans, measurement systems analysis, etc.
Product Quality Engineer nLIGHTProduct Quality EngineerCamas, WA$90,000–$115,000 / yearIdentifies improvements through Design of Experiments (DOE), Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Statistical Process Control (SPC), Control Plans, and preventive actions (Poka Yoke). Responsibilities: Supports New Product Introduction (NPI) programs through implementation of Quality Plans, Purchase Part Inspection Plans, New Part Qualification, DFMEA, and PFMEA.
Quality Engineer nLIGHT IncQuality EngineerCamas, WAPhysical Requirements • Ability to sit/stand/walk for 8 or more hours, as needed • Ability to work in both office and industrial environments, including clean rooms and labs • Ability to travel locally to various company locations, as needed • Ability to perform repetitive tasks such as document review, testing, and data entry on computers • Ability to sit, stand, or walk during meetings, training, or conducting audits • Ability to walk through production areas or facility floors to oversee processes and conduct inspections • Ability to occasionally lift boxes of materials, test samples, or documents (up to 20 lbs) • Ability to occasionally travel overnight for supplier audits, customer visits, or off-site inspections, sometimes involving long drives or flights. Desired Skills • Strong analytical data analysis skills • Ability to lead small to medium size projects with cross functional teams • Clear communication and presentation skills • Ability to audit internal processes for conformance to requirements • ASQ Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) or Certified Six Sigma Black Belt (CSSBB).
Customer Quality Engineer Entegris IncCustomer Quality EngineerHillsboro, ORParticipate in varying levels of engagement with customers and company teams on Problem Solving, Change Management, Customer and Internal Audits, Project Development, Product Support and Development Programs, as well as many other cross-functional tasks and projects that are aligned with Entegris and Customer goals. Experience with applicable quality tools such as pareto, FMEA's, SPC/SQC, histograms, trend analysis, process mapping, design of experiments, cause and effect diagrams, 8D problem solving methodology.
Quality Engineer Milegon LLCQuality EngineerCanby, ORPart timeYou’ll own quality through NPI, configuration management, and production — leading root cause analysis, supporting supplier quality, and driving the kind of continuous improvement that keeps our customers coming back. As a Quality Engineer at our Canby, OR facility, you’ll be embedded in the production process, partnering with Engineering, Operations, and our customers to make sure every product meets spec and every process keeps improving.
Quality Engineer Milwaukee ElectronicsQuality EngineerCanby, OregonYou’ll own quality through NPI, configuration management, and production — leading root cause analysis, supporting supplier quality, and driving the kind of continuous improvement that keeps our customers coming back. As a Quality Engineer at our Canby, OR facility, you’ll be embedded in the production process, partnering with Engineering, Operations, and our customers to make sure every product meets spec and every process keeps improving.
Quality Assurance Engineer III HireTalentQuality Assurance Engineer IIITualatin, ORThis is a contract opportunity supporting a facility that is scheduled for closure, with the current assignment expected to continue through year-end, subject to business needs. We are seeking a Quality Engineer to support incoming inspection and supplier quality activities within a manufacturing environment.
Engineering/Technical - Quality Assurance Engineer III MindlanceEngineering/Technical - Quality Assurance Engineer IIITualatin, ORData Analysis: Analyze inspection data and trends to identify areas for improvement and support decision-making processes. • Job Summary: • We are seeking a dedicated and detail-oriented Quality Engineer to join our team, focusing on incoming inspection processes.
Senior Engineer, Quality Engineering Analog Devices IncSenior Engineer, Quality EngineeringBeaverton, OR$95,600–$131,450 / yearFor positions requiring access to technical data, Analog Devices, Inc. may have to obtain export licensing approval from the U.S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of Industry and Security and/or the U.S. Department of State - Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. Active participation in audits from customers and certification authorities; a direct interface to convey the capability and responsiveness of ADI to customer requirements; ability to engage with customers on both technical and inter-personal levels.
Quality Assurance Engineer III PerformixQuality Assurance Engineer IIITualatin, OregonData Analysis: Analyze inspection data and trends to identify areas for improvement and support decision-making processes. · Continuous Improvement: Participate in continuous improvement initiatives aimed at enhancing product quality and operational efficiency.
Quality Assurance Engineer III Artech LLCQuality Assurance Engineer IIITualatin, OR$40–$43 / hourContinuous Improvement: Participate in continuous improvement initiatives aimed at enhancing product quality and operational efficiency. Data Analysis: Analyze inspection data and trends to identify areas for improvement and support decision-making processes.
NewQuality Engineer (QE) WeastecQuality Engineer (QE)Hillsboro, OregonThe Quality Engineer is responsible for controlling and resolving quality rejects identified in-house and across overseas TEC plants, driving containment, root cause analysis and ensuring permanent countermeasures. Develop and present technical quality reports (PowerPoint and data-driven formats) to communicate issues, trends, and corrective actions to overseas plants and internal leadership.
Quality Engineer NW StaffingQuality EngineerTIGARD, OR$34–$38 / hourThis position requires the ability to sit, stand, walk, bend, and use a computer for extended periods while performing audits, inspections, documentation, and data analysis. Be a Key Business Partner: Work closely with customers, suppliers, auditors, and production teams to solve quality challenges and improve performance.
NewGraduate Quality Engineer Exyte GmbHGraduate Quality EngineerPortland, ORCollaborate with cross-functional teams (Engineering, Supply Chain, etc) to resolve supplier quality issues and improve internal processes. Education: Bachelor's degree in an Engineering discipline (Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, or related) or equivalent work experience.
Manufacturing Quality Assurance Engineer Rose InternationalManufacturing Quality Assurance EngineerTualatin, Oregon$40–$43 / hourTemporaryAudits: Assist in internal and external audits related to incoming inspection and quality control processes.**Only those lawfully authorized to work in the designated country associated with the position will be considered.****Please note that all Position start dates and duration are estimates and may be reduced or lengthened based upon a client's business needs and requirements.** Position Overview: We are seeking a dedicated and detail-oriented Quality Engineer to join our team, focusing on incoming inspection processes.
Quality Systems and Sustaining Engineer Madden Industrial CraftsmenQuality Systems and Sustaining EngineerTigard, OR$31.25–$36.54 / hourThe Quality Systems & Sustaining Engineer owns the ISO 9001 Quality Management System, leads corrective action and root cause investigations, manages the calibration program, and serves as the primary quality interface with customers. Lead and coordinate internal audits, external certification audits, surveillance audits, and customer audits; develop audit schedules, plans, and reports, and verify effectiveness of corrective actions.
NewProduct Quality Engineer ITWProduct Quality EngineerHillsboro, OregonProduct Quality Engineer – Operations & Supplier QualityWe're seeking a hands-on Mechanical, Electrical, Manufacturing, or Quality Engineer to join the Hobart Hillsboro team in a highly collaborative engineering role focused on product performance, manufacturing excellence, supplier quality, and continuous improvement. This position sits at the center of Operations, Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering, and Supplier Quality, where you'll investigate technical challenges, drive corrective actions, improve manufacturing performance, and help ensure products are reliable, cost-effective, and ready to perform in the real world.
Quality Engineer 5 Lam Research CorpQuality Engineer 5Tualatin, ORBachelor's degree Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering or Engineering equivalent with 12 years of related experience or 8 years and a Master's degree; or a PhD with 5 years experience. Working across functions, factories, and organizations, the QE5 drives transformation of quality processes, tools, analytics, and governance models to ensure the Quality Management System evolves alongside business growth, technology advancement, and changing manufacturing needs.
Quality Engineer (SDET) eTeam Inc.Quality Engineer (SDET)Beaverton, OR$56.67–$65.38 / hourThis role focuses on creating the automated systems, tooling, and validation frameworks that help engineering teams move quickly while maintaining a high bar for reliability, performance, and release readiness. You're equally comfortable debugging embedded systems, investigating complex failures, building hardware-in-the-loop infrastructure, and partnering with engineers to improve quality at the source.
Quality Assurance Engineer 5 HireTalentQuality Assurance Engineer 5Beaverton, ORThe ideal candidate is a builder first someone who enjoys writing code, automating repetitive work, creating scalable test systems, debugging embedded systems, building Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) infrastructure, and partnering with engineering teams to improve product quality throughout the development lifecycle. This role focuses on creating the automated systems, tooling, and validation frameworks that help engineering teams move quickly while maintaining a high bar for reliability, performance, and release readiness.
Senior Quality Engineer Marmon Holdings, IncSenior Quality EngineerHillsboro, ORThe purpose of this position is to serve as a Quality leader during product development and manufacturing to ensure high product quality, reliability, and process capability and facilitate teams in identifying, documenting, assessing, correcting and presenting quality issues using risk analysis and root cause analysis tools. Provides quality leadership to new product development teams in the areas of design control, design verification and validation, design transfer, risk management, and specification development.
Senior Quality Engineer Marmon Holdings IncSenior Quality EngineerHillsboro, ORThe purpose of this position is to serve as a Quality leader during product development and manufacturing to ensure high product quality, reliability, and process capability and facilitate teams in identifying, documenting, assessing, correcting and presenting quality issues using risk analysis and root cause analysis tools. Provides quality leadership to new product development teams in the areas of design control, design verification and validation, design transfer, risk management, and specification development.
Senior Quality Engineer Marmon HoldingsSenior Quality EngineerHillsboro, OregonThe purpose of this position is to serve as a Quality leader during product development and manufacturing to ensure high product quality, reliability, and process capability and facilitate teams in identifying, documenting, assessing, correcting and presenting quality issues using risk analysis and root cause analysis tools. Acumed LLC As a part of the global industrial organization Marmon Holdings—which is backed by Berkshire Hathaway—you’ll be doing things that matter, leading at every level, and winning a better way.
Supplier Quality and Development Engineer PanthalassaSupplier Quality and Development EngineerPortland, Oregon$110,000–$155,000 / yearYou will work across engineering, manufacturing, quality, and supply chain teams to resolve production issues, develop capable suppliers, and establish scalable manufacturing processes. This includes conducting design-for-manufacturing reviews, selecting manufacturing methods, evaluating suppliers, defining quality requirements, and applying structured quality-planning methods such as APQP, PPAP, FAIR, and 8D.
Product Engineer 3 - Supplier Quality Lam Research CorpProduct Engineer 3 - Supplier QualityTualatin, ORBachelor's degree in Mechanical, Manufacturing, Materials, Chemical, Electrical Engineering, or a related technical discipline with 5+ years of experience in supplier engineering, quality engineering, manufacturing engineering, or 3 years of experience with a Master's degree; or Ph. The Gas Delivery Components team supports critical semiconductor hardware including valves, regulators, filters, manifolds, tubing assemblies, weldments, machined components, and other gas-flow control products.
NewSenior QA Engineer PrenuvoSenior QA EngineerPortland, ORRemote$140,000–$153,000 / yearHelp reshape the world through proactive healthcare while working with cutting-edge technology and high performing teams with deep expertise - join us to make a difference in people's lives! Experience testing healthcare applications, electronic health record (EHR) systems, or products handling sensitive health data (HIPAA, PHIPA, or similar compliance environments).
Quality Engineer - On Site in Tualatin, Oregon Major Tool & Machine, IncQuality Engineer - On Site in Tualatin, OregonTualatin, OR$90,000–$100,000 / yearUnder limited supervision, assist the Quality Assurance Manager in assuring execution and maintenance of the Quality Management System at Shields Manufacturing with regards to process management and measurement, corrective and preventive actions, failure analysis, internal audits as well as customer and supplier communication and data submittals. Demonstrated skills with Microsoft Office toolset (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook) including advanced application of MS Excel skills (pivot tables, logic functions, vlookup) for providing performance metrics.
Staff Air Quality Engineer or Scientist SLR Consulting LtdStaff Air Quality Engineer or ScientistPortland, OR$55,000–$75,000 / yearWe deliver environmental and sustainability services to our clients through the integration of over 30 advisory, technical environmental, and engineering disciplines to help clients address some of their most complex challenges around sustainability. Responsibilities: Accurately and efficiently complete tasks in support of air quality-related compliance reporting, permitting, stakeholder communication, and field data collection.