NewApplications Engineer / BAS Programmer JobotApplications Engineer / BAS ProgrammerSeattle, WARemote$90,000–$120,000 / hourThe right candidate will work closely with engineering, project management, and field teams to turn mechanical and electrical system designs into fully operational BAS and controls platforms that optimize building performance, reliability, and efficiency. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Application Engineer - Mobile Controls JobotApplication Engineer - Mobile ControlsSeattle, WARemote$110,000–$130,000 / yearWe're seeking an Applications Engineer – Mobile Controls to support OEM customers throughout the Western United States by providing technical expertise on electronic controls, displays, sensors, and electrohydraulic solutions. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Field Service Engineer – Water Treatment Above and Beyond Talent AcquisitionField Service Engineer – Water TreatmentBellevue, WA$25–$27 / hourContractorFull timeAbility to perform specific PLC/HMI activities including but not limited to: Control System IO Checkout, System networking, Program Upload / download, understanding of ladder logic, function blocks and troubleshooting code and ability to write simple logic. The client offers a full spectrum of water, waste, and energy management services, including water and wastewater treatment, commercial and hazardous waste collection and disposal, energy consulting, and resource recovery.
DevOps Engineer III Pinnacle Technical ResourcesDevOps Engineer IIISeattle,, WashingtonRemote$80–$85 / hourContractorCritical objectives within the team are related to each and every service: high uptime/zero downtime (availability), efficiently scaled (up to 1000 requests per second) and performance (sub-second latency) for our customers. The specific compensation for this position will be determined by a number of factors, including the scope, complexity and location of the role as well as the cost of labor in the market; the skills, education, training, credentials and experience of the candidate; and other conditions of employment.
Commercial Construction Project Engineer HITT ContractingCommercial Construction Project EngineerSeattle, WA$77,000–$82,000 / yearMaster required job-specific and technical skills in order to promote to an assistant superintendent or assistant project manager following the 12-month training program including, but not limited to, the ability to: Set up and maintain jobsite office and all jobsite records, including project directory, construction documents, subcontractor directory, daily reports, submittal logs, RFI logs, subcontractor correspondence, etc. Ability to learn sector- and project-specific software systems, including but not limited to: Microsoft Office 365 (Project, Excel, Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, etc.), ProCore, Adobe Suite, BlueBeam, and JD Edwards software suite.
Fuel Handling System Design Engineer System OneFuel Handling System Design EngineerBellevue, WARemote$52–$85 / hourSystem One, and its subsidiaries including Joulé and Mountain Ltd., are leaders in delivering outsourced services and workforce solutions across North America. Develop analyses such as thermal, seismic, structural, pipe stress, heat transfer, and others, integrating results into plant design delivery.
Senior Fuel Handling System Design Engineer System OneSenior Fuel Handling System Design EngineerBellevue, WARemote$69–$115 / hourSystem One, and its subsidiaries including Joulé and Mountain Ltd., are leaders in delivering outsourced services and workforce solutions across North America. Develop analyses such as thermal, seismic, structural, pipe stress, heat transfer, and integrate results into plant design delivery.
Component Engineer, Nuclear System OneComponent Engineer, NuclearBellevue, WARemote$52–$85 / hourSystem One, and its subsidiaries including Joulé and Mountain Ltd., are leaders in delivering outsourced services and workforce solutions across North America. This role may require sitting or standing for extended periods, with tasks including bending, grasping, and fine motor control.
NewPrimary Heat Transfer (PHT) Component Engineer System OnePrimary Heat Transfer (PHT) Component EngineerBellevue, WARemoteThis position will interface with engineering teams, project partners, and suppliers supporting the design and manufacture of primary and intermediate sodium pumps or intermediate shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The successful candidate will oversee supplier activities, coordinate multidisciplinary engineering efforts, and ensure component designs meet technical, quality, contractual, and scheduling requirements.
Test Engineer System OneTest EngineerBellevue, WA$52–$85 / hourThe selected candidate will work closely with multidisciplinary engineering teams, scientists, and technicians to ensure testing is completed safely, accurately, and in accordance with project requirements. Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering, Nuclear Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, or a related engineering discipline.
Senior Welding Engineer System OneSenior Welding EngineerBellevue, WA$56–$95 / hourSystem One is seeking a Senior Welding Engineer for a yearlong contract role to work as part of a high-functioning team of engineers focused on materials processing, supply chain development and supplier qualification for next generation material and components for sodium-cooled fast reactors. Oversee test programs for qualification of welds, including mechanical properties, burst testing, thermal creep, creep-fatigue, neutron irradiation, thermal aging, and sodium exposure.
NewSenior Engineer, Plant Thermal Hydraulic Methods System OneSenior Engineer, Plant Thermal Hydraulic MethodsBellevue, WARemote$56–$95 / hourDemonstrated experience in developing or improving analysis methods, including numerical scheme development, closure model formulation, and stability/accuracy optimization strategies. Formulate and integrate closure models and empirical correlations (e.g., heat transfer, pressure drop, mixing, component-level physics) into existing analysis frameworks.
Senior Safety Methods Engineer System OneSenior Safety Methods EngineerBellevue, WA$37–$74 / hourThe engineer also builds automated, repeatable workflows, documents methodologies and assumptions, collaborates across disciplines to align methods with design and safety analysis, and follows SQA/NQA-1 practices to ensure traceability, configuration control, and reproducibility. Responsibilities include running steady-state and transient analyses to assess model performance and fidelity needs, integrating closure models and empirical correlations into existing frameworks, and identifying gaps through sensitivity studies to drive method improvements.
Principal Engineer, Seismic CSA Integration and Oversight System OnePrincipal Engineer, Seismic CSA Integration and OversightBellevue, WARemote$69–$115 / hourPerform technical reviews of work products, including seismic analysis, soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis, and probabilistic assessments. Support the development of plant level requirements and strategies related to seismic design and licensing activities for advanced nuclear reactor projects.
Nuclear Plant Integration Engineer (Test Abstracts and Specifications) System OneNuclear Plant Integration Engineer (Test Abstracts and Specifications)Bellevue, WARemote$69–$115 / hourSystem One is seeking an experienced Nuclear Plant Integration Engineer to coordinate and support the creation, development and management of post-construction and startup test abstracts and test specifications for our client’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration project. The primary focus of this role is developing and fortifying the framework, across the system design engineering teams, for creation and authorship of test procedures, test abstracts and test specifications.
Senior Engineer, Fuel Handling and Dry Storage System OneSenior Engineer, Fuel Handling and Dry StorageBellevue, WARemote$52–$85 / hourThis role is responsible for the engineering design of spent fuel pool systems, dry cask storage equipment, and associated mechanical systems while supporting licensing, regulatory compliance, and multidisciplinary engineering activities. System One is seeking an experienced Senior Fuel Handling & Dry Storage System Engineer to support the design, analysis, and qualification of nuclear fuel handling and dry storage systems for advanced nuclear energy projects.
Plant Radiological Integration Engineer System OnePlant Radiological Integration EngineerBellevue, WARemote$69–$115 / hourJob Title: Plant Radiological Integration Engineer Type: Contract Compensation: $69.00 – $115.00 Work Model: Remote – offsite Hours: 40.0System One is hiring a Plant Radiological Integration Engineer to provide the following services that will focus on Nuclear Island System, Structure and Component (SSC) design integration with plant radiological design, analysis, and shielding requirements. Responsibilities Coordinate between design teams working on plant source term and radiological release analysis, risk analysis, plant operations and SSC radiological shielding design teams.
Senior Mechanical Design Engineer System OneSenior Mechanical Design EngineerBellevue, WA$52–$85 / hourCoordinate and utilize inputs and requirements from Engineering and Project teams to produce equipment and components design solutions, including drawings, models, and specifications. Support continuous learning and application of nuclear industry best practices to maintain the highest quality of engineering design and proactively identify process change/enhancement opportunities.
NewSystem Design Engineer, EM Pump System OneSystem Design Engineer, EM PumpBellevue, WARemote$69–$115 / hourGenerate design package for pumps, pump support systems, sub-systems, and equipment designs including coordination of calculations, design reports, mechanical drawings, and engineering design specifications. This individual will provide technical ownership of a submersible EM pump operating within a liquid-sodium processing system and coordinate with multidisciplinary engineering teams, suppliers, and testing personnel.
NewPrincipal Engineer, Plant Design Integration System OnePrincipal Engineer, Plant Design IntegrationBellevue, WARemote$69–$116 / hourThe ideal candidate will bring a broad nuclear engineering background, strong knowledge of NRC regulations, and the ability to lead cross-functional technical decisions affecting the overall plant design. Responsibilities: Support the development and maintenance of the Reactor Plant architecture and programs, ensuring integration of complex technical areas spanning design, analysis, licensing, and testing.
System Transients Analysis Engineer System OneSystem Transients Analysis EngineerBellevue, WARemote$67–$110 / hourThis role will focus on thermal hydraulic and transient analysis activities supporting advanced reactor system design, plant operations analysis, and control system integration. System One is seeking a highly capable and motivated System Transients Analysis Engineer to support an advanced sodium-cooled reactor program.
NewLead EPC Substation Project Engineer LeidosLead EPC Substation Project EngineerSeattle, WA$107,900–$195,050These consulting services provide clients with overall project management tasks in the areas of comprehensive engineering design of electrical transmission and distribution, substation and transmission line projects nationwide. March 31, 2026 For U.S. Positions: While subject to change based on business needs, Leidos reasonably anticipates that this job requisition will remain open for at least 3 days with an anticipated close date of no earlier than 3 days after the original posting date as listed above.
Senior Maintenance Engineer AmrizeSenior Maintenance EngineerKirkland, WAREQUIREMENTS: The position of Senior Maintenance Engineer requires a bachelor's degree, or its foreign equivalent, in Mechanical Engineering, Maintenance Engineering, or a related engineering field, plus 3 years of professional experience in the job offered, as a Mechanical Engineer, Maintenance Engineer, or in a related maintenance position within the cement or mining industry. The position requires 3 years of professional experience with each of the following: 1) Working in a maintenance capacity in the cement or mining industry; 2) Working with ball mill, materials classifiers, large-scale fans, and heavy conveyors; 3) Using SAP for maintenance work orders and parts inventory management; and.
NewEmbedded Solutions Engineer – Space Systems JobotEmbedded Solutions Engineer – Space SystemsSeattle, WA$126,000–$250,000 / yearFPGA Integration (Optional): Experience interfacing with or developing alongside FPGAs, including familiarity with common communication interfaces (AXI, PCIe, custom parallel buses),register-mapped peripheral access from embedded Linux or bare-metal environments, and collaborative bring-up with digital design engineers. Excellent Communication Skills: Effectively convey ideas and communicate technical topics with engineering, build staff, and operations; run self-directed design reviews and participate in reviews of parallel systems.
Subsea Lead Program Engineer LeidosSubsea Lead Program EngineerRedmond, WA$131,300–$237,350Strong technical focus, ability to support team leadership, and establish strong, collaborative working relationships with government customers, technical staff, senior managers, and peers. If you received an email purporting to be from Leidos that asks for payment-related information or any other personal information (e.g., about you or your previous employer), and you are concerned about its legitimacy, please make us aware immediately by emailing us at LeidosCareersFraud@leidos.com.
Senior Test and Integration Engineer LeidosSenior Test and Integration EngineerSeattle, WA$107,900–$195,050If you received an email purporting to be from Leidos that asks for payment-related information or any other personal information (e.g., about you or your previous employer), and you are concerned about its legitimacy, please make us aware immediately by emailing us at LeidosCareersFraud@leidos.com. You'll contribute to a multidisciplinary team focused on testing, integrating, and validating advanced maritime technologies, ensuring system reliability and performance from prototype design to full-scale system deployment for ongoing Navy missions.
Apple Intelligence Senior Cloud Performance Engineer Apple IncApple Intelligence Senior Cloud Performance EngineerSeattle, WAIn-depth professional experience with cloud operations Strong understanding of hardware components and hardware/software interaction Proven understanding of network technologies, protocols and procedures for iOS and macOS Proven track record to own a complete functional area of an application or product Able to work independently and should be dedicated Excellent communication & interpersonal skills Comfortable with troubleshooting/debugging/reproducing issues Scripting and programming skills in C/C++, Python, Swift, SQL, Shell M.S., or Ph. Strong problem-solving skills and effective communication are crucial for success in this role.10+ years of experience as a Performance Engineer Strong experience in data and AI-related fields such as software architecture or AI engineering, software development, data science, data analysis, or data lead roles, with experience across both traditional ML systems and GenAI LLMs.
Electric Motor Performance Engineer magniXElectric Motor Performance EngineerEverett, WA$150,000–$200,000 / yearDevelop and validate computationally efficient electric motor performance models, including electromagnetic, thermal, control, and life models, and integrate them into powertrain and aircraft models. While performing the duties of this job, the employee routinely is required to use hands to keyboard, communicate, listen to, and interpret instructions and remain stationary for extended periods of time.
Building Performance Engineer ATS CompaniesBuilding Performance EngineerRenton, WA$66,000–$106,000 / yearAt ATS, we custom engineer and install building automation systems to optimize buildings' mechanical and electrical systems, reduce building energy consumption, increase tenant comfort, and maximize the productivity of tenants and facilities management personnel. This role involves supporting and leading monitoring-based commissioning efforts, performing energy assessments and audits, and leveraging building analytics software to drive performance improvements.
Performance Engineer, GPU AnthropicPerformance Engineer, GPUSeattle, WAThis research continues many of the directions our team worked on prior to Anthropic, including: GPT-3, Circuit-Based Interpretability, Multimodal Neurons, Scaling Laws, AI & Compute, Concrete Problems in AI Safety, and Learning from Human Preferences. Strong candidates will have a track record of delivering transformative GPU performance improvements in production ML systems and will be excited to shape the future of AI infrastructure alongside world-class researchers and engineers.
Performance Engineer, Inference Systems AnthropicPerformance Engineer, Inference SystemsSeattle, WAWe measure how the fleet performs against its theoretical performance frontier, run cross-layer investigations to explain the gaps, and own the correctness checks that make sure Claude's outputs are right, not just fast, across hardware platforms and serving configurations. Redesign the correctness eval gate: determine which signals reliably catch real model-output regressions versus noise, and make it the trusted release criterion across hardware backends.
Principal Platform Power and Performance Engineer Microsoft CorpPrincipal Platform Power and Performance EngineerRedmond, WA$142,800–$274,800 / yearRequired Qualifications: Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, or related field AND 7+ years technical engineering experience OR Bachelors Degree in Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, or related field AND 8+ years technical engineering experience OR equivalent experience. To achieve this goal, the CHSE (Cloud Hardware Systems Engineering) team is instrumental in defining and delivering operational measures of success for hardware manufacturing, improving the planning process, quality, delivery, scale and sustainability related to Microsoft cloud hardware.
Performance Engineer AnthropicPerformance EngineerSeattle, WAThis research continues many of the directions our team worked on prior to Anthropic, including: GPT-3, Circuit-Based Interpretability, Multimodal Neurons, Scaling Laws, AI & Compute, Concrete Problems in AI Safety, and Learning from Human Preferences. We offer competitive compensation and benefits, optional equity donation matching, generous vacation and parental leave, flexible working hours, and a lovely office space in which to collaborate with colleagues.
NewML Performance Engineer Bright Vision TechnologiesML Performance EngineerBellevue, WARemoteFull timeIn this role you will work closely with cross-functional partners — product, design, engineering, operations, and business stakeholders — to translate ambiguous requirements into well-engineered solutions, and will be expected to raise the bar through code review, design review, and mentorship of more junior engineers. Drive compiler-level optimizations using Triton, XLA, TorchInductor, or TVM, working with the broader ML framework community to land improvements that translate into measurable end-to-end performance gains.
Senior Performance Engineer, Worldwide Innovation Engineering Amazon.com IncSenior Performance Engineer, Worldwide Innovation EngineeringBellevue, WAYou would collaborate with simulation engineers to compare predicted versus actual results, or work cross-functionally with operations and vendors to define what "success" truly looks like for a new technology before it scales worldwide. The role requires expertise in mechanical systems, automation controls, and data analysis, combined with strong problem-solving abilities and exceptional collaboration skills to drive excellence in our field-deployed solutions.
AI Compiler and Performance Engineer ElastixAIAI Compiler and Performance EngineerSeattle, WashingtonAt ElastixAI, if improving inference efficiency requires inventing new quantization schemes, rethinking graph-level optimizations, or modifying the hardware ISA, we do it. In this role, you will design how LLM operations decompose into highly efficient proprietary kernel primitives, optimize execution pipelines, and co-develop abstractions with our hardware and ML teams.
Performance Engineer, Inference Systems Anthropic PBCPerformance Engineer, Inference SystemsSeattle, WA$350,000–$850,000 / yearWe measure how the fleet performs against its theoretical performance frontier, run cross-layer investigations to explain the gaps, and own the correctness checks that make sure Claude''s outputs are right, not just fast, across hardware platforms and serving configurations. Redesign the correctness eval gate: determine which signals reliably catch real model-output regressions versus noise, and make it the trusted release criterion across hardware backends.
Senior Performance Engineer - DGX Cloud NVIDIA CorpSenior Performance Engineer - DGX CloudRedmond, WAYour work will shape scalable DGX Cloud systems, turn complex measurements into prioritized engineering decisions, and continuously raise the performance and reliability of AI workloads. Our work opens up new universes to explore, enables amazing creativity and discovery, and powers what were once science fiction inventions, from artificial intelligence to autonomous cars.
SoC Performance Verification Engineer - Senior Microsoft CorpSoC Performance Verification Engineer - SeniorRedmond, WA$119,800–$234,700 / yearTo achieve this goal, the Compute Silicon and Manufacturing Engineering (CSME) team is instrumental in defining and delivering operational measures of success for hardware manufacturing, improving the planning process, quality, delivery, scale and sustainability related to Microsoft cloud hardware. There is a different range applicable to specific work locations, within the San Francisco Bay area and New York City metropolitan area, and the base pay range for this role in those locations is USD $160,200 - $261,000 per year.
Staff Software Engineer - Dynamic Tables, Performance Snowflake IncStaff Software Engineer - Dynamic Tables, PerformanceBellevue, WA$236,000–$339,200 / yearCustomers define a SQL query and a freshness target; Snowflake handles the rest: orchestrating refreshes, maintaining snapshot consistency across a DAG of dependencies, and automatically incrementalizing the computation so that cost scales with what changed. Lead the design and implementation of performance improvements to the incremental view maintenance engine, including multi-join incrementalization, novel incrementalization semantics, incremental window functions, and stacked operations.
Sr. Software Engineer, High Performance Computing Starlink Space Exploration Technologies CorpSr. Software Engineer, High Performance Computing StarlinkRedmond, WA$165,000–$230,000 / yearRESPONSIBILITIES: Develop highly reliable, real-time software that determines which beams (user, laser, gateway, etc) should be formed in order to provide the best possible user experience for our low-latency, high-bandwidth satellite-based global network. Develop tools for software development and deployment, data analysis and visualization, and test execution across multiple environments, including virtualized hardware environments, real hardware-in-the-loop simulations, and on-orbit testing.
Software Engineer, High Performance Computing Starlink Space Exploration Technologies CorpSoftware Engineer, High Performance Computing StarlinkRedmond, WA$125,000–$150,000 / yearRESPONSIBILITIES: Develop highly reliable, real-time software that determines which beams (user, laser, gateway, etc) should be formed in order to provide the best possible user experience for our low-latency, high-bandwidth satellite-based global network. Develop tools for software development and deployment, data analysis and visualization, and test execution across multiple environments, including virtualized hardware environments, real hardware-in-the-loop simulations, and on-orbit testing.
Workload Porting & Performance Engineer OpenAI LLCWorkload Porting & Performance EngineerSeattle, WAFor unincorporated Los Angeles County workers: we reasonably believe that criminal history may have a direct, adverse and negative relationship with the following job duties, potentially resulting in the withdrawal of a conditional offer of employment: protect computer hardware entrusted to you from theft, loss or damage; return all computer hardware in your possession (including the data contained therein) upon termination of employment or end of assignment; and maintain the confidentiality of proprietary, confidential, and non-public information. We are seeking a Workload Porting & Performance Engineer to evaluate new hardware platforms by porting benchmarks and real-world workloads, analyzing performance, and identifying system bottlenecks.
Principal Software Engineer - High Performance Computing JPMorgan Chase & CoPrincipal Software Engineer - High Performance ComputingSeattle, WAJPMorganChase, one of the oldest financial institutions, offers innovative financial solutions to millions of consumers, small businesses and many of the world's most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients under the J.P. Our history spans over 200 years and today we are a leader in investment banking, consumer and small business banking, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management.
Sr. Engineer II, Sensor - Sensor Performance Engineering (Hybrid) CrowdStrikeSr. Engineer II, Sensor - Sensor Performance Engineering (Hybrid)Redmond, WA$160,000–$250,000 / yearThis role sits at the intersection of kernel engineering, performance science and customer impact - where the problems are genuinely hard, the stakes are high, and the work directly shapes the experience of some of the largest deployments in the world. Drive development and improvement of ETW-based diagnostic instrumentation, extending WPP providers, adding new event IDs, versioning existing events - to give the team visibility into previously opaque code paths.
Mission Systems Performance Analysis Engineer (Experienced, Lead or Senior) The Boeing CoMission Systems Performance Analysis Engineer (Experienced, Lead or Senior)Tukwila, WA$119,850–$162,150 / yearThe Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work. Drug Free Workplace: Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.
Sr. Engineer II, Sensor - Sensor Performance Engineering (Hybrid) CrowdStrike IncSr. Engineer II, Sensor - Sensor Performance Engineering (Hybrid)Redmond, WA$160,000–$250,000 / yearThis role sits at the intersection of kernel engineering, performance science and customer impact - where the problems are genuinely hard, the stakes are high, and the work directly shapes the experience of some of the largest deployments in the world. Drive development and improvement of ETW-based diagnostic instrumentation, extending WPP providers, adding new event IDs, versioning existing events - to give the team visibility into previously opaque code paths.
NewStaff Software Engineer, TPU Performance Google LLCStaff Software Engineer, TPU PerformanceKirkland, WACollaborate with Google product teams and researchers to solve performance problems, such as onboarding new Machine Learning models and products onto new Tensor Processing Unit hardware to enable larger models to train efficiently at a very large scale. We"re looking for engineers who bring fresh ideas from all areas, including information retrieval, distributed computing, large-scale system design, networking and data storage, security, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, UI design and mobile; the list goes on and is growing every day.
Distinguished Engineer, End-to-End Scaling Performance Architecture NVIDIA CorpDistinguished Engineer, End-to-End Scaling Performance ArchitectureRedmond, WAWays To Stand Out from the crowd: If you have shaped product or technology roadmaps around application-level scaling needs, helped architecture teams build a quantitative understanding of bottlenecks across memory, interconnect, compute, and software, or identified high-impact trade-offs early enough to guide product, architecture, or technology investment. Rely on you to build a clear view of how bottlenecks shift as workloads scale across dies, GPUs, nodes, model sizes, data sets, and communication patterns.
Distinguished Engineer, End-To-End Scaling Performance Architecture NvidiaDistinguished Engineer, End-To-End Scaling Performance ArchitectureRedmond, WAWays To Stand Out from the crowd: If you have shaped product or technology roadmaps around application-level scaling needs, helped architecture teams build a quantitative understanding of bottlenecks across memory, interconnect, compute, and software, or identified high-impact trade-offs early enough to guide product, architecture, or technology investment. Rely on you to build a clear view of how bottlenecks shift as workloads scale across dies, GPUs, nodes, model sizes, data sets, and communication patterns.