Product Systems Engineer ITWProduct Systems EngineerAlameda, California$110,000–$140,000 / yearPOSITION SUMMARY: Simco-Ion Technology is seeking a Systems Engineer to support product development and sustaining engineering across the full product lifecycle—from concept through production and post-release support within the Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) industry. Machines, Tools, Equipment and Work Aids that may be representative but not all inclusive of those commonly associated with this position: Office equipment, cell phone, desk phone, laptop, printer, copier, scanner.
Senior Mechanical Engineer, Ground Systems MatternetSenior Mechanical Engineer, Ground SystemsMountain View, CA$160,000–$220,000Translate system requirements into robust mechanical designs for enclosures, door and actuator systems, latching/locking mechanisms, landing-platform interfaces and FOD/propeller-safety features. Design and validate mechanical systems for reliable, high-cycle operation in a variety of environmental conditions (snow, ice, heavy rain, hail, wind) and for appropriate ingress protection.
Global Product Support (Gps) Engineer III - (E3) Applied MaterialsGlobal Product Support (Gps) Engineer III - (E3)Santa Clara, CA$124,000–$171,000 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on multiple factors including location, hire grade, job-related knowledge, skills, experience, and with consideration of internal equity of our current team members.
Senior Memory Post Silicon Qualification Engineer NvidiaSenior Memory Post Silicon Qualification EngineerSanta Clara, CADeep protocol and physical-layer understanding of GDDR, LPDDR, or HBM - training, calibration, IO tuning, timing margin, and vendor-to-vendor behavior differences - with at least one specific example of taking an ambiguous memory failure to root-cause closure with a productized fix. Design and deploy AI-enabled workflows for margin data analysis, shmoo bucketing, failure signature detection, and workload-vs-margin correlation - with the guardrails to make the outputs trustworthy enough to gate qualification decisions.
Gas & Chemical Technical Facilities Engineer - (E4) Applied Materials IncGas & Chemical Technical Facilities Engineer - (E4)Santa Clara, CA$133,500–$183,500 / yearProvide technical direction to design engineers throughout the project conceptual design phase, interface with site user groups, other engineering disciplines, local municipalities and/or utilities, trade contractors, and other project stakeholders as required. This position is to provide technical leadership in the planning, design, configuration, construction, commissioning, operations, and maintenance of gas and chemical (G&C) delivery equipment & systems, Gas Life Safety System (GLSS), & Pump & Abatement (P&A) units.
Senior Engineer/Scientist - X-Ray Source Development DBA: Zeiss GroupSenior Engineer/Scientist - X-Ray Source DevelopmentDublin, CA$140,000–$175,000 / yearIn this high-impact role, you will drive advanced electron optics and X-ray source design from simulation and research through prototyping and system integration, working cross-functionally to deliver breakthrough imaging performance and shape the future of X-ray technology. Role Overview: We are seeking an accomplished engineer or scientist to lead the development of next-generation X-ray sources with a specialized focus on high voltage (HV) electronics, precision power delivery, and closed loop control systems.
Test Engineer Peak EnergyTest EngineerBurlingame, CA$150,000–$215,000 / yearThis role works closely with design and simulation teams to understand risks, develop procedures, set up and run tests, and report on findings that directly inform the design direction of our products. Our leadership team is powered by decades of expertise in scaling gigawatt-level innovation at world-class companies such as Tesla, Northvolt, Apple, Powin, Enovix, Zipline, Solid Power, and Fluence.
Embedded Firmware Test Engineer ALTEN Technology USAEmbedded Firmware Test EngineerMountain View, CA$110,000–$130,000 / yearYou'll leverage established test plans and procedures to validate embedded systems, automate testing using Python, and analyze test results to ensure products meet performance, reliability, and regulatory requirements. We're ALTEN Technology USA, an engineering company helping clients bring groundbreaking ideas to life—from advancing space exploration and life-saving medical devices to building autonomous electric vehicles.
Mechatronics Engineer MenloMechatronics EngineerSan Francisco, CaliforniaThis is hands-on R&D: designing actuator and joint assemblies, integrating motors, sensors, and control electronics, prototyping fast, and iterating until it works on a real robot. You don't need deep AI expertise for every role, but we do expect everyone at Menlo to be intellectually curious, drawn to tinkering and discovery, and excited to use AI as a real collaborator in their work.
Senior Mechanical Design Engineer Aurora Innovation IncSenior Mechanical Design EngineerMountain View, CA$150,000–$217,000 / yearYou will support the development of our next-generation Aurora Driver Module, which integrates our primary, in-house developed computer along with various Electronic Control Units (ECUs) into an assembly ready to be installed on the manufacturing lines of our partner OEMs. The team works cross-functionally with EE, layout, CAE, Reliability, EMC, NPI, Operations, and other R&D teams to deliver the robust, scalable electro-mechanical solutions that power the Aurora Driver.
Lead Thermal Simulation Engineer OpenAI LLCLead Thermal Simulation EngineerSan Francisco, CAFor unincorporated Los Angeles County workers: we reasonably believe that criminal history may have a direct, adverse and negative relationship with the following job duties, potentially resulting in the withdrawal of a conditional offer of employment: protect computer hardware entrusted to you from theft, loss or damage; return all computer hardware in your possession (including the data contained therein) upon termination of employment or end of assignment; and maintain the confidentiality of proprietary, confidential, and non-public information. You will work closely with mechanical, electrical, controls, and robotics engineers to evaluate designs before hardware is built, identify risks early, and guide critical architecture decisions.
Process Support Engineer IV Applied Materials IncProcess Support Engineer IVSanta Clara, CA$147,000–$202,500 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. PSEs work closely with customers and R&D teams to develop leading-edge processes used to manufacture advanced semiconductor chips, and create hypothesis experiments and design of experiments (DOEs).
Process Engineer - Fremont II-VI Optical Systems, Inc.Process Engineer - FremontFremont, CAWe are a vertically integrated manufacturing company that develops innovative products for diversified applications in the industrial, optical communications, military, life sciences, semiconductor equipment, and consumer markets. At least a bachelor's degree in Electronics or Electrical engineering or related discipline or courses with at least 3 years of relevant work experience in Semiconductor or Electronics / Opto-electronics and Fiber Optics Industry.
Board Product Development Engineer NVIDIA CorpBoard Product Development EngineerSanta Clara, CAWhat we need to see: Experience in two or more of the following areas - Server architectures, test equipment, board/PCB-design, SMT, assembly, board or post-Si validation, product engineering, design or validation of high speed interfaces (like PCI-E / DP / HDMI / USB), Power-Integrity, Thermal characterization, complex test setups. Work with cross-functional teams (including Hardware Design, Software, Manufacturing, Quality / Reliability, Application Engineering and Marketing) to achieve fast-paced delivery schedules on groundbreaking products.
Principal Hardware Engineer - TeraWave Network Switch Platform Blue Origin Enterprises LPPrincipal Hardware Engineer - TeraWave Network Switch PlatformCA$183,193–$256,469.85 / yearBlue Origin's Emerging Systems business unit is building TeraWave, a satellite communications constellation powered by the most advanced optical communications architecture ever attempted: thousands of optically interconnected satellites delivering symmetrical data speeds of up to 6 Tbps anywhere on Earth, providing enterprise and hyperscale customers with resilient, scalable connectivity for critical operations where terrestrial infrastructure cannot reach. and/or transports placardable amounts of hazardous materials by ground in any vehicle on a public road while in commerce, may be subject to additional Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations including: Driver Qualification Files, Medical Certification (obtained before onboarding), Road Test, Hours of Service, Drug and Alcohol Testing (CDL drivers only), vehicle inspection requirements, CDL requirements (if applicable) and hazardous materials transportation/shipping training.
Staff Hardware Reliability Engineer Aurora Innovation IncStaff Hardware Reliability EngineerMountain View, CA$181,000–$262,000 / yearAurora expects commitment to our safety policies from every employee, and seeks candidates who take an active responsibility, can contribute to building an atmosphere of trust, and invest in the organization's long-term success by prioritizing working safely, no matter what. Aurora hires talented people with diverse backgrounds who are ready to help build a transportation ecosystem that will make our roads safer, get crucial goods where they need to go, and make mobility more efficient and accessible for all.
Systems Test Engineer Lunar Energy IncSystems Test EngineerMountain View, CA$120,000–$170,000 / yearThe actual offer, reflecting the total compensation package & benefits, will be at the companys sole discretion, and determined by factors including but not limited to years of experience, job level, geographic location, and other relevant business considerations. Were a fast-growing, global company building the worlds best clean energy products to electrify all homes and connect communities to form clean, resilient virtual power plants.
Process Engineer - Die To Wafer Hybrid Bonding Applied MaterialsProcess Engineer - Die To Wafer Hybrid BondingSanta Clara, CA$147,000–$202,500 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on multiple factors including location, hire grade, job-related knowledge, skills, experience, and with consideration of internal equity of our current team members.
Systems Integration and Test Engineer Intern (Winter 2027) Peak EnergySystems Integration and Test Engineer Intern (Winter 2027)Burlingame, CaliforniaThis intern will support integration testing and functional verification of Peak Energy's energy storage systems, working across BMS, inverters, and other systems from batteries to power electronics. As Peak Energy scales its ESS testing infrastructure, this role helps build out the benchtop and HIL test capabilities needed to validate systems ahead of production.
NewEMC Engineer NVIDIA CorpEMC EngineerSanta Clara, CAWe are seeking a highly motivated EMC Engineer (Electromagnetic Compatibility) to drive the regulatory compliance design, validation, and laboratory testing of our next-generation automotive Electronic Control Units (ECUs) and robotic platforms. Ways to stand out from the crowd: Experience evaluating robotics applications, industrial automation, or automated material handling systems for complex factory environments is a plus!
Airborne Electronic Hardware Systems Engineer ArcherAirborne Electronic Hardware Systems EngineerSan Jose, CA$144,000–$180,000 / yearThe hardware team is looking for an Airborne Electronic Hardware (AEH) Systems Engineer to help establish the engineering processes and certification framework for our electronics hardware — spanning both inverter and battery management system (BMS) development. Review critical design analyses including DFMEAs, WCCA, margin/derating, thermal assessments, and protection function analyses relevant to both motor drive and battery management hardware.
Lead Test Engineer Peak EnergyLead Test EngineerBurlingame, CA$150,000–$215,000 / yearThis role works closely with design and simulation teams to understand risks, develop procedures, set up and run tests, and report on findings that directly inform the design direction of our products. Our leadership team is powered by decades of expertise in scaling gigawatt-level innovation at world-class companies such as Tesla, Northvolt, Apple, Powin, Enovix, Zipline, Solid Power, and Fluence.
Test Engineer Intern, ESS (Winter 2027) Peak EnergyTest Engineer Intern, ESS (Winter 2027)Burlingame, CAThis role will work closely with design and simulation teams to understand needs, develop procedures, set up and run tests, and report on findings that directly inform the design direction of our products. Our leadership team is powered by decades of expertise in scaling gigawatt-level innovation at world-class companies such as Tesla, Northvolt, Apple, Powin, Enovix, Zipline, Solid Power, and Fluence.
Hardware Integration Engineer ArcherHardware Integration EngineerSan Jose, CA$140,000–$260,000 / yearOwn the physical build and bring-up of subscale aircraft platforms — mounting and wiring flight controllers, companion computers, radios, and sensor payloads. Archer is an aerospace company based in San Jose, California building an all-electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft with a mission to advance the benefits of sustainable air mobility.
Senior Mechatronics Engineer Juul LabsSenior Mechatronics EngineerSan Francisco, CA$165,000–$227,000 / yearWe are a diverse team that is united by this common purpose and we are hiring the world's best engineers, scientists, designers, product managers, operations experts, and customer service and business professionals. 7+ years of hands-on experience in mechatronics, hardware/electrical engineering, or a closely related discipline, with demonstrated ability to work effectively across mechanical, electrical, and software domains.
Mechanical Engineer Iii, Robotics Applied MaterialsMechanical Engineer Iii, RoboticsSanta Clara, CA$108,000–$148,500 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on multiple factors including location, hire grade, job-related knowledge, skills, experience, and with consideration of internal equity of our current team members.
Technical Product Support Engineer - RF Systems (HW And FW) Applied MaterialsTechnical Product Support Engineer - RF Systems (HW And FW)Santa Clara, CA$116,000–$159,500 / yearSustaining Engineering Responsibilities: Provide lifecycle ownership for released products by implementing hardware changes required to resolve design issues or manage component obsolescence, and by diagnosing, fixing, and validating firmware bugs to ensure continued product stability, quality, and manufacturability. Participates in new product introductions and early learning shipments, resolution of critical long-term customer issues with upper management, and identifying special projects for successful implementation and completion.
Global Product Support (Gps) Engineer II - (E2) Applied MaterialsGlobal Product Support (Gps) Engineer II - (E2)Santa Clara, CA$100,000–$136,500 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on multiple factors including location, hire grade, job-related knowledge, skills, experience, and with consideration of internal equity of our current team members.
Senior Datacenter Power Design And Modeling Engineer NvidiaSenior Datacenter Power Design And Modeling EngineerSanta Clara, CAThis role owns rack-level architecture definition and involvement, end to end power modeling and simulation for advanced Datacenter power and energy scheme, and power shelves, busbars, cable vendor management. You ensure the successful delivery of power-related engineering programs by modeling and simulation efforts, coordinating across power architects, power validation, firmware, mechanical teams, and suppliers management.
Senior Android Framework Engineer WorldSenior Android Framework EngineerSan Francisco, CA$246,500–$290,000 / yearWe are a rapidly growing, highly cross-functional team that strategically partners with industrial design, optics, hardware development, and product teams to define product requirements and execute on development of our next generation family of devices. We're backed by leading investors, including a16z, Khosla Ventures, Bain Capital Crypto, Blockchain Capital, Variant, Tiger Global, and Coinbase Ventures, as well as prominent operators and founders across fintech and AI.
Technical Product Support Engineer III (E3 Sr) Applied MaterialsTechnical Product Support Engineer III (E3 Sr)Santa Clara, CA$96,000–$132,000 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. It will be responsible for enhancing tool performance through remote and on-site escalations support to Customer Engineers, technicians, and other product focused personnel who are diagnosing, troubleshooting, repairing, and debugging complex electro/mechanical equipment.
FPGA Design Engineer Reliable Robotics CorpFPGA Design EngineerMountain View, CAFPGA designers at Reliable Robotics have a unique opportunity to work within a vertically integrated technology stack that extends up to the aircraft level, with a direct impact on the aircrafts capabilities and requirements. In your role as an FPGA Design Engineer, you will work in a highly collaborative and cross-functional development environment including mutual peer review to maintain high product quality.
Principal Firmware/Middleware Engineer Renesas Electronics CorpPrincipal Firmware/Middleware EngineerSan Jose, CAAs the Principal Firmware Architect for UALink Switch Products, you will serve as the technical visionary responsible for defining, designing, and driving the end-to-end embedded software and firmware architecture for our next-generation AI cluster scale-up switches. With a global team of over 21,000 engineers and problem solvers in more than 30 countries, we offer the opportunity to work on world‑leading technology for Automotive, Industrial, Infrastructure, and IoT, shaping a safer, healthier, greener, and smarter future.
Embedded Hardware & Firmware Engineer ITWEmbedded Hardware & Firmware EngineerAlameda, CaliforniaThis role is responsible for the design, development, integration, and validation of advanced electronics and embedded systems used in semiconductor manufacturing, scientific instrumentation, industrial automation, and precision control applications. Background in ionization, electrostatic discharge (ESD) control, plasma, high-voltage, semiconductor process control, vacuum systems, or precision instrumentation is beneficial for this role.
Senior Principal Engineer- SoC/Chip Lead Renesas Electronics CorpSenior Principal Engineer- SoC/Chip LeadSan Jose, CAWith a global team of over 21,000 engineers and problem solvers in more than 30 countries, we offer the opportunity to work on world‑leading technology for Automotive, Industrial, Infrastructure, and IoT, shaping a safer, healthier, greener, and smarter future. Our robust product portfolio includes world leading MCUs, SoCs, Analog and power products, plus Winning Combination solutions that curate these complementary products.
Embedded Firmware Test Engineer ALTEN TechnologyEmbedded Firmware Test EngineerMountain View, California$110,000–$130,000 / yearYou'll leverage established test plans and procedures to validate embedded systems, automate testing using Python, and analyze test results to ensure products meet performance, reliability, and regulatory requirements. We’re ALTEN Technology USA, an engineering company helping clients bring groundbreaking ideas to life—from advancing space exploration and life-saving medical devices to building autonomous electric vehicles.
Hardware Engineer 3 Broadcom CorporationHardware Engineer 3San Jose, CA$101,000–$162,000 / yearThe Senior Reliability Engineer will be responsible for defining, executing, and analyzing a combination of electrical, thermal, and mechanical stress tests to ensure the long-term performance and reliability of 'Tuner switch' and related devices fabricated in RF CMOS technology. Thermal IR Characterization: Utilizing advanced instruments like QFI (Quantum Focus Instruments) or similar IR thermal imaging equipment to monitor heat distribution and hot thermal spots, ensuring the device operates within safe thermal limits under various stress conditions.
Senior Datacenter Power Systems Modeling Engineer NvidiaSenior Datacenter Power Systems Modeling EngineerSanta Clara, CAThis role owns rack-level architecture definition and involvement, end to end power modeling and simulation for advanced Datacenter power and energy scheme, and power shelves, busbars, cable vendor management. You ensure the successful delivery of power-related engineering programs by modeling and simulation efforts, coordinating across power architects, power validation, firmware, mechanical teams, and suppliers management.
Power Validation Engineer NvidiaPower Validation EngineerSanta Clara, CAWhat you'll be doing: System/board level debug and validation of NVIDIA's products in fields like GPU cards, MGX servers, automotive, robotics, industrial PC, and consumer electronics to ensure the highest quality products reach the market. Working closely with the design, validation, system design, system validation, silicon design, thermal/mechanical design teams, and vendors to root cause bugs and issues.
Gas & Chemical Technical Facilities Engineer Applied MaterialsGas & Chemical Technical Facilities EngineerSanta Clara, CA$110,500–$152,000 / yearProvide technical direction to design engineers throughout the project conceptual design phase, interface with site user groups, other engineering disciplines, local municipalities and/or utilities, trade contractors, and other project stakeholders as required. This position is to provide technical leadership in the planning, design, configuration, construction, commissioning, operations, and maintenance of gas and chemical (G&C) delivery equipment & systems, Gas Life Safety System (GLSS), & Pump & Abatement (P&A) units.
PCBA Manufacturing Engineer OpenAI LLCPCBA Manufacturing EngineerSan Francisco, CAFor unincorporated Los Angeles County workers: we reasonably believe that criminal history may have a direct, adverse and negative relationship with the following job duties, potentially resulting in the withdrawal of a conditional offer of employment: protect computer hardware entrusted to you from theft, loss or damage; return all computer hardware in your possession (including the data contained therein) upon termination of employment or end of assignment; and maintain the confidentiality of proprietary, confidential, and non-public information. Youll partner closely with Hardware Design, Quality, Manufacturing, Test Engineering, Supply Chain, and our contract manufacturers to resolve production issues, improve manufacturing yield, reduce failures, implement engineering changes, and ensure stable high-volume manufacturing.
Process Integration Engineer Applied MaterialsProcess Integration EngineerSanta Clara, CA$147,000–$202,500 / yearIf you would like to contact us regarding accessibility of our website or need assistance completing the application process, please contact us via e-mail at Accommodations_Program@amat.com, or by calling our HR Direct Help Line at 877-612-7547, option 1, and following the prompts to speak to an HR Advisor. You will experiment, learn, and collaborate with some of the brightest minds in the semiconductor and display industries, partnering with our globally recognized R&D teams on state-of-the-art research and development projects.
Firmware Engineer Nova LtdFirmware EngineerFremont, CA$130,000–$170,000 / yearThe engineer will collaborate closely with electrical and systems engineering teams to integrate software with physical components, participating in the entire software development life cycle from initial board bring-up, development, testing, and transition to production. Nova dives deep into dimensions and layers at the atomic level to extract unique insights and provide our customers with crucial decision-making data, managing critical challenges by providing unique, differentiated solutions.
Sr. Principal Module Design Engineer II-VI Optical Systems, Inc.Sr. Principal Module Design EngineerFremont, CAWe are a vertically integrated manufacturing company that develops innovative products for diversified applications in the industrial, optical communications, military, life sciences, semiconductor equipment, and consumer markets. Develop Silicon Photonic (PIC), electronics IC (including TIA, driver, and micro-controller), substrate, optical connector, and packaging co-design to achieve required mechanical and thermal performance.
Hardware Validation Engineer BelcanHardware Validation EngineerPalo Alto, CA$40.94–$54.15 / hourTest Strategy & Design: Develop comprehensive test plans, cases, and environmental strategies (DVP&R) that integrate Silicon Validation data into ECU-level functional testing. · Failure Analysis: Lead deep-dive root cause investigations for test failures, utilizing data reproduction and fault simulation to solve complex hardware/firmware bugs.
NewSr Staff System Engineer Renesas Electronics CorpSr Staff System EngineerSan Jose, CA$160,000–$235,000 / yearIn this strategic role, you will not simply support existing products-you will be the technical authority responsible for driving next-generation IC product definition, silicon architectures, and long-term roadmap strategy. This role sits within our Low-Voltage GaN Marketing & Systems Group, acting as a Sr Staff System Engineer to define the future of our power semiconductor portfolio.
NewSr. FPGA Verification Engineer Reliable Robotics CorpSr. FPGA Verification EngineerMountain View, CAFPGA engineers at Reliable Robotics have a unique opportunity to work at the heart of a vertically integrated technology stack that goes all the way up to aircraft level, with a direct impact on the aircrafts capabilities and requirements. FPGA Verification Engineer, you will own the FPGA integration and test environment for multiple airborne products including their test benches & simulation, continuous integration, timing analysis, elemental analysis, and build.
NewStaff Engineer, Test Renesas Electronics CorpStaff Engineer, TestSan Jose, CA$140,000–$175,000 / yearOperating with a high degree of autonomy, this role involves defining long-term ATE roadmaps, architecting scalable hardware/software testing platforms, and leading cross-functional collaborations across Product, Quality, Design, and Validation engineering. ATE Mastery: 10+ years of extensive experience architecting and developing automated test solutions on high-end ATE platforms, with deep expertise in platforms like the Advantest V93K, COHU Diamondx, SPEA DOT800, or ETS364.
NewFCT Test Development Engineer Omega Solutions IncFCT Test Development EngineerSunnyvale, CAFull timeAs part of the Systems team, you will contribute to/work on/be involved in FCT and End-of-Line (EOL) testing activities in close collaboration/partnership with Supply Chain and Quality teams. Form Energy is hiring a hands-on Functional Circuit Test (FCT) Test Development Engineer to lead vendor-integrated testing and automated test fixture development.
Senior Service Engineer Galvanize TherapeuticsSenior Service EngineerRedwood City, CaliforniaMaintain complete and accurate service, testing, validation, and manufacturing records, including work orders, travelers, service reports, inspection documentation, parts usage, time records, and product-performance information using Oracle NetSuite, Arena, and internal systems. Perform complex troubleshooting and failure analysis using schematics, service documentation, system data, diagnostic tools, calibrated test equipment, fixtures, torque tools, multimeters, and software-based procedures.