Electrical Systems Engineer Actalent IncElectrical Systems EngineerMinneapolis, MN$45–$55 / hourThis role translates product and business needs into scalable electrical architectures, leads proof-of-concept efforts to reduce technical risk, and collaborates closely with cross-functional teams to execute complex engineering programs from concept through production. Engineers regularly interact with electrical hardware, wiring harnesses, PCBAs, and control systems, and use modern engineering tools for requirements management, task tracking, and modeling and simulation.
Firmware Engineer Actalent IncFirmware EngineerEden Prairie, MN$130,000–$165,000 / yearIf you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options. We help visionary companies advance their engineering and science initiatives through access to specialized experts who drive scale, innovation and speed to market.
Mechanical Engineer Actalent IncMechanical EngineerEden Prairie, MN$40–$48 / hourYou will work closely with cross-functional teams in an office and lab setting, using CAD tools such as SolidWorks and other engineering software to design and validate mechanical and electro-mechanical systems. The Mechanical Engineer designs and develops innovative mechanical and electro-mechanical components and sub-systems for industrial and commercial mobile cleaning robot platforms.
Tooling Engineer Actalent IncTooling EngineerSaint Paul, MN$48–$57 / hourThe Tooling Engineer oversees the full tooling lifecycle, from concept and design through fabrication, validation, troubleshooting, and continuous improvement, with a strong focus on plastic injection molding and project management. The position involves regular interaction with injection molding equipment, tooling fabrication and maintenance areas, and CAD workstations using software such as SolidWorks and Creo.
Validation Engineer Actalent IncValidation EngineerMinneapolis, MN$44–$58 / hourIf you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options. We help visionary companies advance their engineering and science initiatives through access to specialized experts who drive scale, innovation and speed to market.
Principal R&D Engineer Actalent IncPrincipal R&D EngineerMaple Grove, MN$105,000–$150,000 / yearMedical device, Design assurance, Iso 13485, Design control, Risk management, Design validation, Validation, Quality engineering, New product development, Process development, Mechanical engineering, R&d. • Collaborate with cross-functional teams, including R&D, Quality Assurance, Regulatory Affairs, and Manufacturing, to ensure alignment with project goals and timelines, encouraging open communication and knowledge sharing.
Mechanical Engineer R&D Actalent IncMechanical Engineer R&DMinneapolis, MNRemoteWorking as part of an R&D organization, you will collaborate closely with Regulatory Affairs, Quality Assurance, Clinical, and Manufacturing teams to deliver safe, effective, and compliant medical devices throughout the product lifecycle. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
Principal Engineer Actalent IncPrincipal EngineerPlymouth, MN$104,000–$156,000 / yearAs a Sustaining R&D Engineer, you"ll lead design changes, product improvements, and engineering initiatives for Class II and III disposable medical devices while collaborating with global teams to enhance quality, performance, and patient experience. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
R&D Engineer Actalent IncR&D EngineerMaple Grove, MN$105,000–$150,000 / yearWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Tooling Design Engineer Actalent IncTooling Design EngineerSaint Paul, MN$36–$51 / hourWe are seeking a skilled Tooling Design Engineer to conceptualize and develop innovative tool and die solutions tailored to manufacturing needs, customer specifications, and production volume requirements. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
Manufacturing Quality Engineer Actalent IncManufacturing Quality EngineerMaple Grove, MN$46–$53 / hourIn this role, you"ll partner closely with manufacturing, engineering, operations, and supplier teams to drive product quality, solve complex problems, support regulatory compliance, and continuously improve manufacturing processes. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
Sustaining Engineer Actalent IncSustaining EngineerMaple Grove, MN$60–$80 / hourLead sustaining engineering activities for existing medical devices, including design modifications, process improvements, and component or material changes to maintain and enhance product quality and reliability. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
Npi Engineer Actalent IncNpi EngineerMN$90,000–$120,000 / yearWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Estimating Engineer Actalent IncEstimating EngineerMN$34–$41 / hourThe Estimating Engineer plays a key role in developing accurate, detailed cost estimates for customer projects, supporting sales efforts, project planning, and cost control within a manufacturing environment. This position analyzes customer specifications, collaborates with internal and external stakeholders, and applies technical and commercial expertise to ensure competitive, reliable, and well-documented proposals.
Test Engineer Actalent IncTest EngineerEden Prairie, MN$48–$64 / hourWork typically combines desk-based activities such as test planning, analysis, and documentation with hands-on work in lab or test environments to execute test plans and validate product performance and reliability. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
NPI Engineer Actalent IncNPI EngineerMN$90,000–$120,000 / yearWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Sr Electromechanical Test Engineer (Med Device) Actalent IncSr Electromechanical Test Engineer (Med Device)Plymouth, MN$45–$48 / hourThe position involves regular use of electrical and mechanical test equipment, including oscilloscopes, digital multimeters, power supplies, force and pressure gauges, calipers, thermometers, flow meters, and scales. Proficiency using electrical and mechanical lab equipment such as oscilloscopes, digital multimeters (DMM), power supplies, force and pressure gauges, calipers, thermometers, flow meters, and scales.
Process Engineer Actalent IncProcess EngineerSaint Paul, MN$35–$43 / hourIf you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options. We help visionary companies advance their engineering and science initiatives through access to specialized experts who drive scale, innovation and speed to market.
Staff Design Engineer, Insights ADOBE IncStaff Design Engineer, InsightsMN$208,300–$301,600 / yearAdobe's industry-leading offerings including Adobe Acrobat Studio, Adobe Express, Adobe Firefly, Creative Cloud, Adobe Experience Platform, Adobe Experience Manager, and GenStudio enable people and businesses to turn ideas into impact, powered by AI and driven by human ingenuity. Our full-stack team includes design researchers, design engineers, experience designers, brand designers, content strategists, and program managers dedicated to delivering exceptional experiences for Adobe users.
Senior Quality Manufacturing Engineer Actalent IncSenior Quality Manufacturing EngineerMaple Grove, MN$90,000–$125,000 / yearLead the product development process, including key design assurance activities, design reviews, verification and validation activities, development and validation of testing methods, management of product requirements, test case tracing, and risk management. Health Care Savings Account (HSA) Employee Stock Ownership Program (ESOP) Company Paid Long-Term Disability (LTD) Paid Parental Leave Paid Bereavement Leave Paid Time Off Paid Holidays Employee Assistance Program.
Process Technician Or Engineer Actalent IncProcess Technician Or EngineerSaint Paul, MN$35–$43 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Project Engineer II Actalent IncProject Engineer IIMinneapolis, MN$36–$45 / hourWork is performed in a combination of office, technical, and manufacturing floor areas, with regular interaction with engineering, manufacturing, quality, validation, maintenance, and EHS teams, and with vendors and contractors supporting capital projects. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
Senior Mechanical / Plumbing Engineer Actalent IncSenior Mechanical / Plumbing EngineerMinneapolis, MN$40–$60 / hourPreferred Qualifications: - Experience on complex mechanical and/or plumbing design projects such as Healthcare facility, Laboratory or similar - Thorough working knowledge of relevant engineering software: REVIT, CAD, load calculation software, Excel - Construction phase experience: submittal reviews, on-site inspections, RFIs, change orders, etc. The Senior Mechanical Engineer should be capable of working independently with limited supervision to complete both small and large projects and may serve as a discipline representative in client meetings.
NewQA Automation Engineer Advanced The Federal Reserve SystemQA Automation Engineer AdvancedMinneapolis, MN$122,300–$152,830 / yearIn this role, you will serve as an advisor and be accountable for managing the QA team's daily testing progress, work with product team to overcome challenges, provide guidance to QA team members and communicate QA's release status. Provide technical consultations and analysis on all phases of application programming and processes for diverse development platforms, computing environments including the evaluation of the organization's IT platforms/infrastructure with the highest potential for cloud deployment.
NewBuilding Automation Field Service Engineer Actalent IncBuilding Automation Field Service EngineerSaint Paul, MN$35–$55 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
NewSr. Software Engineer Actalent IncSr. Software EngineerEden Prairie, MN$55–$70 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
NewSr. Systems Engineer Actalent IncSr. Systems EngineerMinneapolis, MN$55–$70 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
NewSenior Systems Engineer Actalent IncSenior Systems EngineerSaint Paul, MN$65–$87 / hourThis role owns substantial assignments across all levels of system architecture on projects of moderate to high complexity and requires creativity, ingenuity, and strong technical leadership throughout the full product lifecycle from concept through transfer to manufacturing. We are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service.
AWS Contact Center Engineer UnitedHealth Group IncAWS Contact Center EngineerEden Prairie, MN$72,800–$130,000 / yearThe fraudulent LinkedIn messages and emails, which do not originate from any Executives LinkedIn account or of UnitedHealth Group's email domains, or those of any of its operating divisions, supposedly conducts an interview via a Zoom meeting, offers a work from home job at Optum, emails an application, sends a fake check by next day delivery through USPS and asks recipients to pay a vendor a large dollar amount. As an AWS Contact Center Engineer / Software Engineer within our Omni Optum routing team, you will play a critical role in supporting our modern migration journey from the legacy Genesys Engage Platform to the AWS Connect Platform.
NewSenior Software Engineer - AI, CoCounsel International Thomson ReutersSenior Software Engineer - AI, CoCounsel InternationalEagan, MinnesotaFinally, Thomson Reuters offers the following additional benefits: optional hospital, accident and sickness insurance paid 100% by the employee; optional life and AD&D insurance paid 100% by the employee; Flexible Spending and Health Savings Accounts; fitness reimbursement; access to Employee Assistance Program; Group Legal Identity Theft Protection benefit paid 100% by employee; access to 529 Plan; commuter benefits; Adoption & Surrogacy Assistance; Tuition Reimbursement; and access to Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Agentic AI Experience: Proven experience designing, building, and deploying production-grade agentic AI workflows — including multi-step reasoning, tool/API orchestration, and LLM-as-judge or eval-driven quality gates — serving real end users at scale.
Database Engineer CollaberaDatabase EngineerMinneapolis$63–$65 / hourTemporaryContractor1+ years of experience using IDP, ServiceNow, EPL-X Pipeline (Git-SaaS, Git Actions, IDP, Artifactory, Harness) . Position Details: Position: Database Engineer 4 Industry: Banking/Financial Services Job duration: 24 Months (Possible Extension) Location: Minneapolis, MN / Chandler, AZ / Irving, TX Pay: $63-65/hr.
Applications Engineer - FEA - MN - June25 Keltia Design IncApplications Engineer - FEA - MN - June25Minneapolis, MNFEA Applications Engineering: Lead the creation of FEA DOE analyses across internal teams and utilize statistical methods to minimize the size and length of the analyses needed to reach definitive conclusions. The ideal candidate will have a strong background in using FEA software, a deep understanding of machining, a passion for innovation, and a proven ability to solve complex problems.
Applications Engineer ConvergixApplications EngineerSaint Paul, MinnesotaAs an Applications Engineer , you will develop three or more project opportunities daily and visit customer manufacturing sites across North America to understand customers’ challenges and identify opportunities. As a team, we are on an improvement journey in pursuit of our vision: to become the ultimate trusted partner to our customers, capable of solving any industrial automation challenge with our passionate people, world renowned processes and diverse experience .
Applications Engineer I - Early Career Seagate Technology LLCApplications Engineer I - Early CareerShakopee, MN$66,000–$77,000 / yearOur 1,500+ employees enjoy an active on-site experience from sporting activities (get in a few laps at lunch on our 1-mile walking path around campus, play ping-pong or volleyball, or stop in our 24- hour fitness center for a group or individual workout) to community service and many employee resource groups. Location: Our Shakopee campus is located 25 minutes southwest of Minneapolis in a setting with a rural vibe - it overlooks a horse racing track and stables, yet it has great entertainment venues close by as well.
Lead Engineer Cyber AI - AI Expert Target CorpLead Engineer Cyber AI - AI ExpertBrooklyn Park, MN$132,000–$238,000 / yearA Hybrid/Flex for Your Day work arrangement means the team member's core role will need to be performed both onsite at the Target HQ MN location the role is assigned to and virtually, depending upon what your role, team and tasks require for that day. Gather information, data, and input from a wide variety of sources; identify additional resources when appropriate, engage with stakeholders, and conduct in-depth analysis of information.
Senior Principal Systems Engineer Leonardo DRS IncSenior Principal Systems EngineerBurnsville, MN$130,000–$215,000 / yearResponsible for higher-level product line architecture and providing guidance and oversight to multiple development teams working on different products or technologies to ensure the technologies interoperate or connect to each other appropriately. The Leonardo DRS Naval Electronics business provides leading naval computing infrastructure, network and data distribution and middleware enterprise services, as well as world-class manufacturing and support capabilities.
NewQuality Engineer NQA 1 PaR SystemsQuality Engineer NQA 1Saint Paul, MNOur focus on technology, quality, and new ideas extends beyond our products, as we look to add diverse, dynamic, and dedicated people to our company.[/p][p]We are seeking a high‑performing Quality Engineer - NQA-1 to support PAR Solutions in delivering high‑quality products and systems that meet customer, regulatory, and contractual requirements. This role is responsible for executing quality engineering activities throughout the project lifecycle, including project quality planning, compliance verification, nonconformance management, and ensuring all deliverables meet defined requirements.[/p][h3]Core
NewMaintenance Engineer Ryan Companies USMaintenance EngineerMinneapolis, MNDemonstrates accuracy and timeliness in all documentation of work orders, projects, time sheetsWho You AreAbility to properly troubleshoot MEP system failures and make needed repairs and/or devise workable solutionsAbility to prioritize workload while remaining flexible to a changing environmentComprehensive knowledge of energy management systemsProficiency with Microsoft Office and computerized maintenance management systemsExcellent customer service skillsYou Will Really Stand Out If You Have2+ years of experience in the operation of commercial buildings and equipmentHigh School Degree or equivalentTwo‑year technical degree or equivalentHold regional or local licensing/certifications to operate a buildingParticipate in on‑call, after‑hours and weekend rotationBasic computer skillsExcellent verbal communication skills and a helpful attitude when interacting with building occupantsValid driver's license, clear driving record, basic knowledge of computer applications and ability to lift 100 lbsAbility to work from a ladder, work overhead, smell smoke and other chemicals, and be able to work outside in a variety of weather conditionsPreferred QualificationsUniversal CFC, SMA, SMT, LEED certification, others as applicable preferredMicrosoft365 Software experienceCompensationThe annual salary range is $65,000.00 ‑ $80,500.00. Monitor energy system equipment, adjust set‑points as needed, and record actions and time associated dailyEnsure Fire/Life/Safety equipment is performing as designedParticipate in on‑call, after‑hours, and weekend work when necessaryComplete all Ryan Companies required training and safety programsProvide exceptional customer service and exceed expectationsLead by example in alignment with the Ryan values with staff and co‑workersPossess a proactive and collaborative, solution‑oriented approachIs self‑motivated and works well in a team environment; treats co‑workers with respect and deals with conflict constructively.
NewEmbedded Hardware Engineer - Hybrid Work + Relocation EatonEmbedded Hardware Engineer - Hybrid Work + RelocationMinneapolis, MN$113,000–$165,000 / yearThe expected salary range is $113,000 - $165,000 annually, with relocation offered.#J-18808-Ljbffr. Candidates should have a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering or computer science and at least 6 years of relevant experience.
NewAdvanced Controls Engineer - Automated Assembly PaR SystemsAdvanced Controls Engineer - Automated AssemblySaint Paul, MN$85,000–$105,000 / yearQualifications3+ years of controls engineering experienceBS in Mechanical or Electrical Engineering, Computer Science or Computer EngineeringAbility to support a variety of project tasks including but not limited to:Understanding customer requirementsDesigning controls systemsWriting software (PLC, PC, HMI, Robot, Vision, etc.)Powering up and commissioning machinesChecking out software and machine processesSupporting Factory Acceptance Testing and Site Acceptance TestingProficient experience in the application of PLC/PC programming, motion control, robotics, and vision for automation. Preferably experience with some of the following:Allen Bradley Studio 5000 and FactoryTalk ViewCognex VisionPro and InsightFanuc TP Programming and RoboGuideEpson RC+Omron Sysmac Studio and AceVisual Studio C# and VBOther relevant experience in this space.
NewBAS Submittal & Design Engineer (Control Systems) Unify-Energy-SolutionBAS Submittal & Design Engineer (Control Systems)Saint Paul, MNThe position involves selecting instrumentation, sizing actuators, updating drawings, and coordinating with engineers, contractors, and project teams to ensure compliant and efficient designs.#J-18808-Ljbffr. Unify-Energy-Solution is seeking a BAS Design Engineer to design, implement, and optimize control systems for energy management applications.
NewElectrical Engineer Gentis SolutionsElectrical EngineerSaint Paul, MN$75,000–$120,000 / year120,000.00/yrAdditional compensation typesAnnual BonusDirect message the job poster from Gentis SolutionsSenior Recruiter | Talent Acquisition Leader | Leadership, Growth, and People StrategyElectrical EngineerLocation: Saint Paul, MN (Hybrid — onsite a few days per week)Compensation: $75,000–$120,000 base + up to 10% annual performance bonusStart: ASAPEmployment Type: Full-timeAbout the RoleGentis Solutions is partnering with an emerging technology and automation company specializing in cutting‑edge hardware and electrical systems to hire an Electrical Engineer for their Saint Paul, MN team. This role combines hands‑on electrical design, industrial automation, and project management, offering exposure to advanced control systems, PCB design, and FPGA development.
NewRoving Maintenance Engineer Ryan Companies USRoving Maintenance EngineerMinneapolis, MN$28–$38 / hourNon‑Solicitation Notice to Recruitment AgenciesRyan Companies kindly requests that recruitment agencies and third‑party recruiters do not submit unsolicited resumes or candidate information to any Ryan Companies employee or office. The base rate may vary within the anticipated range based on factors such as the ultimate location of the position and the selected candidate's knowledge, skills and abilities.
NewSenior Mechanical Design Engineer: Rugged Enclosures Trane TechnologiesSenior Mechanical Design Engineer: Rugged EnclosuresMinneapolis, MNThis role involves using CAD tools and considering structural integrity, heat dissipation, and electromagnetic compatibility, making a significant contribution to products used globally. Candidates should have a strong engineering background and experience in rugged designs for automotive applications.#J-18808-Ljbffr.
NewRoving Maintenance Engineer Ryan CompaniesRoving Maintenance EngineerMinneapolis, MN$28–$38 / hourOur Maintenance Engineers are responsible for executing and complete preventative maintenance, demand repairs, general repairs and adjustments to building systems, equipment and fixtures as required to the satisfaction of tenant and building owners. Ryan Companies kindly requests that recruitment agencies and third-party recruiters do not submit unsolicited resumes or candidate information to any Ryan Companies employee or office.
NewSenior Mechanical Design Engineer Trane TechnologiesSenior Mechanical Design EngineerMinneapolis, MN$105,228.33–$146,720 / hourMaintaining manufacturing instructions, drawings, and specifications for the enclosuresEvaluate analytical and experimental test results following engineering principles to verify that products meet technical requirements and validating that the design solutions meet customer needs. Strong background with rugged PCB enclosure design for automotive/industrial applications (IP67/IP69, etc.).Proficiency in CAD software (e.g., Creo).Basic understanding of injection molding and mold construction.
Senior Software Engineer Calspan LLCSenior Software EngineerSt. Paul, MinnesotaFull timeAdd and improve on testing knowledge to continue expertise in areas of: jet engines, wind tunnels, and other data acquisition and control systems. These solutions are used by airlines, OEMs, and MRO businesses to ensure the global fleet of jet engines tested daily are safe to fly.
Electrical Engineer Career CollectiveElectrical EngineerMinneapolis, MinnesotaBachelor of Science from an accredited technical University in mechanical or electrical engineering OR Technical or associate degree from an accredited technical institution or college in the engineering design areas of HVAC, plumbing or electricity. Bachelor of Science from an accredited technical University in mechanical or electrical engineering and the completion of the Professional Engineering License exam.
Solutions Engineer Cisco Systems IncSolutions EngineerEdina, MN$205,700–$266,300 / yearThe SE will partner with our Account Executives in a pre-sales technical function, showcasing Cisco solutions, providing customer presentations, performing technical demonstrations, creating BoMs, and running proof of concept activities. For quota-based incentive pay, Cisco typically pays as follows: 75% of incentive target for each 1% of revenue attainment up to 50% of quota; 1.5% of incentive target for each 1% of attainment between 50% and 75%; 1% of incentive target for each 1% of attainment between 75% and 100%; and.
Junior Technical Services Engineer Hawkins IncJunior Technical Services EngineerMinneapolis, MN$55,000–$65,000 / yearHawkins, Inc. is a formulator, manufacturer, blender, distributer, and sales agent for thousands of industrial chemicals and reagent grade laboratory chemicals sold to municipalities and businesses throughout the Central United States. Familiarity with production and laboratory instrumentation, including troubleshooting, training, performing start-up processes, validating and maintaining equipment such as HPLC, ICP-OES, pH conductivity, spectrophotometers, and auto-titration systems.