Enterprise Architect - Aerospace & Defense DXC Technology CoEnterprise Architect - Aerospace & DefenseKY$137,900–$256,100 / yearEnterprise Architecture Strategy (A&D Context) • Define enterprise architecture vision aligned with defense programs, product lifecycle, and mission readiness • Develop long-term architecture roadmaps supporting: o Digital thread / digital twin initiatives o Engineering-to-manufacturing integration o Sustainment and lifecycle management • Aligning IT strategy with program-based funding models and contract structures. Digital Engineering & Product Lifecycle Integration • Architect end-to-end integration across: o PLM (e.g., Siemens Teamcenter, Dassault 3DX, Apriso, PTC Windchill) o ERP (e.g., SAP S/4HANA) o MES and shop-floor systems (e.g., iBase-t Solumina) o Integration platforms (e.g., eQ) • Enable Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and digital thread continuity • Support configuration management, BOM integrity, and traceability.
Systems Engineer - HYBRID The Structures Company, LLCSystems Engineer - HYBRIDLexington, KY$45As trusted partners to leading aerospace and defense OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers, we connect professionals with career opportunities to grow and excel in aviation, aerospace, and defense. Ensures logical and systematic conversion of customer or product requirements into total systems solutions acknowledging technical, schedule, and cost constraints.
Mechanical Engineer - HYBRID The Structures Company, LLCMechanical Engineer - HYBRIDLexington, KY$45As trusted partners to leading aerospace and defense OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers, we connect professionals with career opportunities to grow and excel in aviation, aerospace, and defense. Designs mechanical systems for modifying existing hardware and integrating modified components into various platforms.
Industrial Progress Engineer(Entry/Experienced) Asrc MichelinIndustrial Progress Engineer(Entry/Experienced) AsrcLouisville, KYDrawing on its deep know-how in polymer composite materials, Michelin is constantly innovating to manufacture high-quality tires and components for critical applications in demanding fields as varied as mobility, construction, aeronautics, low-carbon energies and healthcare. Develop, implement, and improve manufacturing processes, tools, equipment, and work activities, to meet and exceed the company's safety, quality, delivery, and cost objectives by leading improvement projects and facilitating Kaizen/Lean events.
Industrial Progress Engineer(Entry/Experienced) ASRC MichelinIndustrial Progress Engineer(Entry/Experienced) ASRCLouisville, KentuckyDrawing on its deep know-how in polymer composite materials, Michelin is constantly innovating to manufacture high-quality tires and components for critical applications in demanding fields as varied as mobility, construction, aeronautics, low-carbon energies and healthcare. Develop, implement, and improve manufacturing processes, tools, equipment, and work activities, to meet and exceed the company's safety, quality, delivery, and cost objectives by leading improvement projects and facilitating Kaizen/Lean events.
["Staff Systems Engineer - Quantum Gravity Gradiometer","Staff Systems Engineer - Quantum Gravity Gradiometer"] Infleqtion["Staff Systems Engineer - Quantum Gravity Gradiometer","Staff Systems Engineer - Quantum Gravity Gradiometer"]Louisville$160,000–$180,000 / yearAuthor major systems engineering documents and assign technical sections to subject-matter experts as needed, including requirements documents, ICDs, architecture documents, CONOPs, verification plans, test plans, review packages, and customer deliverables. Own and manage interface control documentation (ICDs), including source-of-truth documentation, revision control, and coordination of interfaces across the sensor head, electronics/subcontractor, laser, laser electronics, command and telemetry, software, and customer teams.
["Staff Quality Engineer, Hardware","Staff Quality Engineer, Hardware"] Capella Space["Staff Quality Engineer, Hardware","Staff Quality Engineer, Hardware"]Louisville$186,100–$218,659 / yearTo conform to U.S. Government space technology export regulations, including the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), Capella Employees must be a U.S. citizen, lawful U.S. permanent resident (i.e., current Green Card holder), or lawfully admitted into the U.S. as a refugee or granted asylum, or be eligible to obtain the required authorizations from the U.S. Department of State and/or the U.S. Department of Commerce, as applicable. Provide real-time quality support on the manufacturing floor, including developing inspection test procedures, acceptance test procedures (ATP) and overseeing environmental testing quality compliance (vibration, thermal vacuum, EMI/EMC).
["GNSS DSP Engineer","GNSS DSP Engineer"] Arcfield["GNSS DSP Engineer","GNSS DSP Engineer"]LouisvilleRequired Bachelor's degree or higher in a relevant engineering or computation field plus 10-12 years, MS plus 8-10 years, or PhD plus 5-7 years of professional experience in aerospace or relevant engineering (mathematics, physics, atmospheric science) discipline positions for high-reliability space & aerospace applications. There are differentiating factors that can impact a final salary/hourly rate, including, but not limited to, Contract Wage Determination, relevant work experience, skills and competencies that align to the specified role, geographic location (For Remote Opportunities), education and certifications as well as Federal Government Contract Labor categories.
CNC Controls Engineer Fives DyAG CorpCNC Controls EngineerHebron, KYFives Group, headquartered in Paris, France, is an industrial engineering group founded in 1812 that designs and supplies machines, process equipment and production lines for the world's largest industrial groups including the aluminum, steel, tube and pipe, glass, automotive, aerospace, logistics, cement and energy sectors. This Controls Engineer will provide innovative original technical design, project leadership for sold and development projects, sales and service support, and overall software system architecture.
Senior Quality Engineer-7393 HRU-TechSenior Quality Engineer-7393Louisville, KentuckyThe ideal candidate brings strong experience in root cause analysis, quality systems, and data-driven decision-making, with the ability to influence cross-functional teams and improve overall quality performance. This role plays a key part in identifying defects, leading corrective actions, analyzing quality trends, and driving continuous improvement initiatives.
DFM Project Engineer Xometry IncDFM Project EngineerLexington, KYAdditionally, you will take on special projects related to expanding the capabilities of our manufacturing partner network, working with OEM equipment makers, and our internal team of experts to improve our core competencies. Xometry's digital marketplace gives manufacturers the critical resources they need to grow their business while also making it easy for buyers at Fortune 1000 companies to tap into global manufacturing capacity.
Application Engineer, Injection Molding Xometry IncApplication Engineer, Injection MoldingLexington, KYIn this role, youll be a critical link between our customers, sales team, and engineering efforts, supporting a diverse range of industries including aerospace, defense, commercial, automotive, industrial, and medical devices. • Technical Review and Quoting: Conduct thorough reviews of 3D models and 2D drawings to provide design-for-manufacturing (DFM) feedback and support the creation of accurate quotes using Xometrys internal systems and approved methodologies.
NewQuality Engineer Ensign-Bickford IndustriesQuality EngineerGraham, KentuckyThis opportunity is located within our Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company business, a global leader of mission-critical hardware and systems solutions including precision energetics systems and innovative explosive solutions. The candidate will be responsible for quality engineering, system and process improvements, supplier development and RCCA activity including non-conformance analysis and implementation of effective countermeasures.
Supplier Quality Engineer II Sierra SpaceSupplier Quality Engineer IILouisville, KY$88,452–$121,643.25 / yearPreferred Qualifications: Strong understanding of electrical systems and components with proven ability to interpret electrical schematics, identify potential quality issues in circuit design, and implement appropriate testing protocols to ensure product reliability and safety. IMPORTANT NOTICE: To conform to U.S. Government international trade regulations, applicant must be a U.S. Citizen, lawful permanent resident of the U.S., protected individual as defined by 8 U.S.C. 1324b(a)(3), or eligible to obtain the required authorizations from the U.S. Department of State or U.S. Department of Commerce.
Mechanical Design Engineer PGS WorldwideMechanical Design EngineerLexington, KY$45–$65 / hourThe Mechanical Design Engineer will support an engineering team focused on modifying existing hardware and integrating modified components into various platforms based on customer specifications. As a Veteran Founded company, we know that the military has given you the skills and training you need to succeed in positions like this, and we want to support your success in the civilian sector however we can.
Systems Engineer PGS WorldwideSystems EngineerLexington, KY$45–$69 / hourThe Systems Engineer will support technical planning, system integration, verification and validation, cost and risk analysis, and supportability and effectiveness analysis for total systems. As a Veteran Founded company, we know that the military has given you the skills and training you need to succeed in positions like this, and we want to support your success in the civilian sector however we can.
NewPrincipal Manufacturing Engineer - Machining BAE Systems PlcPrincipal Manufacturing Engineer - MachiningLouisville, KY$107,359–$182,510 / yearAbout BAE Systems Platforms & Services BAE Systems, Inc. is the U.S. subsidiary of BAE Systems plc, an international defense, aerospace and security company which delivers a full range of products and services for air, land and naval forces, as well as advanced electronics, security, information technology solutions and customer support services. Strong knowledge of CNC machining (Lathes, Turning, Milling, Hobbing, Routers, Cutters, Grinding, Drilling, EDM, Machine Centers), manual machining, and related equipment, tooling & fixturing.
Fixed Systems Service Engineer Teledyne TechnologiesFixed Systems Service EngineerField, KYTeledyne Gas & Flame Detection uses its global capability, manufacturing excellence and custom engineering to provide end-to-end gas and flame detection solutions for a wide range of hazards worldwide. What you'll do: The Field Service Support Engineer provides service, and repair of Gas detection equipment and systems, with a highly visible customer support through the performance of on-site installation, commissioning as well as overseeing any necessary diagnoses, troubleshooting.
Sales Engineer - Protocol Test Solutions Europe Teledyne TechnologiesSales Engineer - Protocol Test Solutions EuropeField, KYThis individual will be responsible for identifying, developing, and closing sales opportunities for Teledyne LeCroy protocol solutions product lines within data center, semiconductor, storage, and client computing end markets, automotive, defence and telecommunications. These markets include aerospace and defense, factory automation, air and water quality environmental monitoring, electronics design and development, oceanographic research, deepwater oil and gas exploration and production, medical imaging and pharmaceutical research.
Service Engineer - GOA Teledyne TechnologiesService Engineer - GOAField, KYThese markets include aerospace and defense, factory automation, air and water quality environmental monitoring, electronics design and development, oceanographic research, deepwater oil and gas exploration and production, medical imaging and pharmaceutical research. Teledyne Technologies Incorporated provides enabling technologies for industrial growth markets that require advanced technology and high reliability.
Sales Engineer Teledyne TechnologiesSales EngineerField, KYBy combining technical knowledge with commercial acumen, the Sales Engineer delivers clear value to customers through consultative selling, product demonstrations, solution/equipment selection and the preparation of accurate, competitive proposals that meet customer needs while protecting the company's interests. These markets include aerospace and defense, factory automation, air and water quality environmental monitoring, electronics design and development, oceanographic research, deepwater oil and gas exploration and production, medical imaging and pharmaceutical research.
Metrology Engineer MAU Workforce SolutionsMetrology EngineerFlorence, KYBachelors degree in Metrology, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, or a related technical field. • Proficiency with metrology instruments, including CMMs, optical comparators, laser trackers, calipers, micrometers, profilometers, and vision systems.
Development Engineer (Defense) Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & DefenseDevelopment Engineer (Defense)Graham, KentuckyAdditional duties include coordination with other departments to ensure the production viability of new designs, creation of the required documentation, and internal and customer approval for this documentation. This group supports both EBAD’s Warfighter and Missile Systems market segments, developing initiation, demolition, breaching, vehicle protection, and warhead solutions for military forces around the globe.
Broadband Sales Engineer Amphenol Network Solutions IncBroadband Sales EngineerKY$79,000–$148,000 / yearAs a member of our fast-moving Mission Critical team, you will work with outside sales and channel partners to grow new business, support strategic accounts, and represent Amphenol Network Solutions as a thought leader at industry events and tradeshows. Guided by a bold vision to connect people with technology, Amphenol serves a wide range of markets, including IT Datacom, Mobile Devices, Mobile Networks, Broadband, Industrial, Automotive, Commercial Aerospace, and Military.
["Mechanical Engineer","Mechanical Engineer"] Actalent["Mechanical Engineer","Mechanical Engineer"]Louisville$55–$67 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing® winner for both client and talent service. The mechanical engineer owns the full lifecycle of mechanical design, from concept through production, and collaborates closely with cross-functional engineering teams to meet critical program deadlines.
Development Engineer (Defense) Ensign-Bickford IndustriesDevelopment Engineer (Defense)Graham, KentuckyThis opportunity is located within our Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company business, a global leader of mission-critical hardware and systems solutions including precision energetics systems and innovative explosive solutions. Additional duties include coordination with other departments to ensure the production viability of new designs, creation of the required documentation, and internal and customer approval for this documentation.
System Sales Applications Engineer - Intralogistics Regal Rexnord CorpSystem Sales Applications Engineer - IntralogisticsFlorence, KYThe successful candidate brings a strong understanding of material handling and intralogistics workflows (conveyance, sortation, accumulation, pallet handling, warehouse automation interfaces) and can rapidly develop system concepts, perform equipment sizing, create BOMs and cost models, and support proposal development through order conversion. The Company's end markets benefit from meaningful secular demand tailwinds, and include factory automation, food & beverage, aerospace, medical, data center, warehouse, alternative energy, residential and commercial buildings, general industrial, construction, metals and mining, and agriculture.
NewProcess Engineer I Novelis Guthrie Manufacturing FacilityProcess Engineer IGuthrie, KentuckyFull timeThe Process Engineer is responsible for providing advanced business process management expertise in areas of process and product quality control, development of new processes/products/practices, application of statistics and identification and resolution of customer problems including technical service to customers. Wellness Programs: incentives for wellness activities, wellness spending account, programs for building healthy habits, virtual physical therapy for joint, back, and pelvic health, health management programs and more.
Powerplant Engineer Atlas Air, Inc.Powerplant EngineerErlanger, KY$86,500–$117,000 / yearPosition Summary: The Powerplant Engineer reports to the Manager, Powerplant Engineering, and is responsible for the engineering data, instructions, documents, and technical support that economically ensures the safety, airworthiness, and reliability of Atlas Air aircraft within the following ATA chapter subjects: 24, 26, 30, 36, 49, 70- 80. Review OEM Service Bulletins and other regulatory documents such as Airworthiness directives (ADs) and Notices of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRMs) for implementation, and initiates required engineering documentation based on recommended disposition.
Structural Analysis Engineer II Sierra SpaceStructural Analysis Engineer IILouisville, KY$90,707–$124,744.25 / yearAny unsolicited resumes submitted to our website or to Sierra Space team members not through our approved vendor list or Talent Acquisition will be considered property of Sierra Space, and we will not be obligated to pay any referral fees. In this role, you will perform and contribute to the design and analysis of structural systems, leveraging a strong understanding of structural analysis principles, including hand calculations and Finite Element Analysis.
Field Services Engineer 1 OSI Systems IncField Services Engineer 1Louisville, KY$36–$36.54 / hourRapiscan Systems security and inspection devices can be found in a wide range of locations such as, airports, border crossings, railway stations, sea ports and terminals, government and military installations and nuclear facilities. Complete and ensure proper distribution and storage of all required Work Order forms, Site Acceptance Test documentation, radiation survey documentation and other documents per company policy, including any specific customer contractual requirements (as needed).
Senior Powerplant Engineer Atlas Air, Inc.Senior Powerplant EngineerErlanger, KY$93,000–$133,000 / yearPowerplant Engineer reports to the Manager, Powerplant Engineering, and is responsible for the engineering data, instructions, documents, and technical support that economically ensures the safety, airworthiness, and reliability of Atlas Air aircraft within the following ATA chapter subjects: 24, 26, 30, 36, 49, 70- 80. Review OEM Service Bulletins and other regulatory documents such as Airworthiness directives (ADs) and Notices of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRMs) for implementation, and initiates required engineering documentation based on recommended disposition.
Aircraft Engineer - Structures UPSAircraft Engineer - StructuresLOUISVILLE, KYPlease be advised that you will be tested in accordance with 14 CFR Part 120.109(a)(5) and 14 CFR 120 Subpart E to determine the presence of marijuana, cocaine, opiates (including codeine, heroin-6AM, morphine), opioids-hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone & oxymorphone, phencyclidine (PCP), and amphetamines/methamphetamines (including MDMA, MDA) or metabolites of these drugs. You will have the opportunity to use your engineering skills and judgment to develop aircraft and component repairs/modifications, as well as work with manufacturers to improve overall aircraft reliability as a project manager.
Aircraft Engineer - Avionics UPSAircraft Engineer - AvionicsLOUISVILLE, KYPlease be advised that you will be tested in accordance with 14 CFR Part 120.109(a)(5) and 14 CFR 120 Subpart E to determine the presence of marijuana, cocaine, opiates (including codeine, heroin-6AM, morphine), opioids-hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone & oxymorphone, phencyclidine (PCP), and amphetamines/methamphetamines (including MDMA, MDA) or metabolites of these drugs. Review and analyze aircraft data to determine areas where aircraft reliability can be improved via aircraft and component modifications, maintenance procedural changes or other actions required.
Supplier Quality Engineer BAE Systems PlcSupplier Quality EngineerLouisville, KY$88,189–$149,922 / yearAbout BAE Systems Platforms & Services BAE Systems, Inc. is the U.S. subsidiary of BAE Systems plc, an international defense, aerospace and security company which delivers a full range of products and services for air, land and naval forces, as well as advanced electronics, security, information technology solutions and customer support services. Preferred Education, Experience, & Skills Strong consideration for Candidates with Education, Experience & Skills matching some or all of the following: Bachelor''s Degree in Engineering (Mechanical, Industrial, Manufacturing, Electrical, or Quality) or related discipline (Technology, Industrial Management, Industrial Technology).
Quality Assurance Engineer, Assoc Curtiss-Wright CorporationQuality Assurance Engineer, AssocLouisville, KY$62,000–$70,000 / yearCurtiss-Wright Surface Technologies ("CWST") is the group name for the collective technical services provided by the legacy companies of Metal Improvement Company("MIC"), E/M Coating Services, Everlube Products, FW Gartner Thermal Spraying, Para Tech Coating, Component Coating & Repair Services, Bolt's Metallizing, Keronite, and IMR Test Labs. CWST is a Division of Curtiss-Wright Corporation, a global innovative company that delivers highly engineered, critical function products and services to the commercial, industrial, defense and energy markets.
Manufacturing Engineer CIRCOR International IncManufacturing EngineerKentucky, KYCIRCOR International (NYSE: CIR) is one of the world's leading providers of mission critical flow control products and services for the Industrial and Aerospace & Defense markets. Typically requires a minimum level of knowledge that is acquired through a four-year college degree in an applicable field and no previous related experience OR equivalent combination of education and experience.
Senior Supplier Quality & Development Engineer Regal RexnordSenior Supplier Quality & Development EngineerFlorence, KYRemoteThe Company's end markets benefit from meaningful secular demand tailwinds, and include factory automation, food & beverage, aerospace, medical, data center, warehouse, alternative energy, residential and commercial buildings, general industrial, construction, metals and mining, and agriculture. Required Skills & Qualifications- Bachelor's degree in Mechanical, Materials, Industrial, or Manufacturing Engineering with 7+ years of Supplier Quality and/or Quality Assurance experience- Strong knowledge of manufacturing processes withexpertisein at least two areas (e.g., castings, forgings, machining, plastics, coatings, heat treatment,metallurgy).-
Fluid System Development Engineer Blue Water AutonomyFluid System Development EngineerLexington, KentuckyWe’re seeking a Fluid System Development Engineer to support the design, development, and test of fluid systems that enable vehicle operation and reliability (fuel, cooling, hydraulics/pneumatics, lubrication, seawater handling, and related controls—depending on platform needs). You’ll help take systems from concept through requirements, layout, prototyping, and qualification—aligned with how space and aerospace teams develop flight-critical fluid systems (pumps, valves, actuators, controls).
Mechanical Engineer I - Electrical Packaging & Structures Blue Water AutonomyMechanical Engineer I - Electrical Packaging & StructuresLexington, KentuckyThe work emphasizes robust packaging for harsh environments (thermal, vibration, shock, EMI/EMC constraints), along with practical, producible structural design. Design and iterate electronics packaging: structural frames, enclosures, trays, brackets, stiffeners, mounts, cable/connector access, and serviceability features.
Component Test Engineer Blue Water AutonomyComponent Test EngineerLexington, KentuckyCollect, sanity-check, and summarize test data (plots, pass/fail, anomalies); support root cause investigations and re-test loops. This role is hands-on and systems-minded: you’ll build test setups, execute procedures, collect high-quality data, and feed results back into design.
Senior Quality Engineer Geologics CorporationSenior Quality EngineerLouisville, KYPosition Description: The Senior Quality Engineer plays a critical role in supporting manufacturing and engineering actions and supporting tiered management systems. The Senior QE will lead efforts in pull focuses on identifying and resolving defects, analyzing trends, managing corrective m improvement across cross-functional teams.
Machining Engineer Safran SAMachining EngineerWalton, KYCompany: Safran Landing Systems Job field: Industrial Engineering Location: Walton, Kentucky, Kentucky, United States Contract type: Permanent Contract duration: Full-time Required degree: Bachelors Degree Required experience: More than 5 years Professional status: Professional, Engineer & Manager Salary range: Starting at $71,000 annaully ITAR: ITAR Controlled position. Safran has a global presence, with 100,000 employees and sales of 27.3 billion euros in 2024, and holds, alone or in partnership, world or regional leadership positions in its core markets.
Systems Engineer - HYBRID The Structures CompanySystems Engineer - HYBRIDLexington, KY$45–$69 / hourAs trusted partners to leading aerospace and defense OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers, we connect professionals with career opportunities to grow and excel in aviation, aerospace, and defense. Ensures logical and systematic conversion of customer or product requirements into total systems solutions acknowledging technical, schedule, and cost constraints.
Mechanical Engineer - HYBRID The Structures CompanyMechanical Engineer - HYBRIDLexington, KY$45–$65 / hourAs trusted partners to leading aerospace and defense OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers, we connect professionals with career opportunities to grow and excel in aviation, aerospace, and defense. Designs mechanical systems for modifying existing hardware and integrating modified components into various platforms.
Design Engineer Actalent IncDesign EngineerLebanon, KY$70,000–$80,000 / yearWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. The environment involves close collaboration with manufacturing, automation, and inspection teams, and the use of modern CAD and CAD/CAM tools such as Creo, SolidWorks, AutoCAD, and CMM-related technologies.
Test & Evaluation Engineer Actalent IncTest & Evaluation EngineerFort Campbell, KY$90,000–$125,000 / yearThe role involves regular interaction with engineering teams, safety and readiness organizations, and program offices focused on advanced aircraft systems, avionics, sensors, ASE, weapons, and other cutting-edge defense technologies. The Test & Evaluation Engineer plans, executes, and analyzes flight and systems tests to ensure mission-critical military aviation systems meet stringent performance, safety, and reliability requirements in support of specialized aviation operations.
Manufacturing Engineer Circor CareersManufacturing EngineerKentuckyCIRCOR International (NYSE: CIR) is one of the world’s leading providers of mission critical flow control products and services for the Industrial and Aerospace & Defense markets. Typically requires a minimum level of knowledge that is acquired through a four-year college degree in an applicable field and no previous related experience OR equivalent combination of education and experience.
Senior Test & Evaluation (T&E) Engineer with Active DoD Secret Clearance Talent Search PROSenior Test & Evaluation (T&E) Engineer with Active DoD Secret ClearanceFort Campbell, KentuckyWe are seeking an experienced Senior Test & Evaluation (T&E) Engineer to support military aviation programs, with a primary focus on Special Operations aircraft, avionics, sensors, aircraft survivability equipment (ASE), and weapon systems. The selected candidate will play a key role in planning, coordinating, and executing flight test activities while working closely with multidisciplinary engineering teams.
Application Engineer, Injection Molding XometryApplication Engineer, Injection MoldingLexington, KYIn this role, you'll be a critical link between our customers, sales team, and engineering efforts, supporting a diverse range of industries including aerospace, defense, commercial, automotive, industrial, and medical devices. Technical Review and Quoting: Conduct thorough reviews of 3D models and 2D drawings to provide design-for-manufacturing (DFM) feedback and support the creation of accurate quotes using Xometry's internal systems and approved methodologies.