Test Engineer – Automated Test Development - LabVIEW JobotTest Engineer – Automated Test Development - LabVIEWLandfall, MN$90,000–$111,000 / yearOur client is a well-established global electronics manufacturing services (EMS) provider that partners with leading companies to design, build, and test complex electronic products across a wide range of industries. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Senior Electrical Design Engineer – Embedded Systems & Motor Control Prestige Development GroupSenior Electrical Design Engineer – Embedded Systems & Motor ControlPlymouth, MN$95,000–$130,000 / yearFull timeWe are seeking a hands-on Electrical Design Engineer to support the complete product development lifecycle—from concept, research, and prototyping through design, testing,validation, production, and ongoing product support. Prestige Development Group (PDG) specializes in providing innovative human capital management solutions tailored to meet the needs of both private and public sector organizations.
Senior Mechanical Engineer Prestige Development GroupSenior Mechanical EngineerPlymouth, MN$95,000–$130,000 / yearFull timeThe team is seeking a hands-on Senior Mechanical Design Engineer who will be responsible for the entire product design and production lifecycle of fluid handling products — from research, prototyping, design, testing, validation, sourcing, production tooling and lifecycle support of existing products. Prestige Development Group (PDG) specializes in providing innovative human capital management solutions tailored to meet the needs of both private and public sector organizations.
NewAutomation Engineer JobotAutomation EngineerFridley, MN$112,000–$130,000 / yearInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. Capabilities include i n-house tool shop and mold design for quick prototyping of injection, compression and transfer tools, compound development and material test lab with over 1000 existing formulations.
UAS/UAV Mechanical Engineer kyybaUAS/UAV Mechanical EngineerSt Paul, MN$40–$44 / hourContractorThis position requires experience in systems engineering practices, mechanical design, UAS instrumentation, hardware testing/validation, as well as exceptional organization, attention to detail, and dedication to user success. Description:The Hardware Systems Engineer is responsible for the integration of sensors and hardware onto UAS (unmanned aerial systems) platforms.
NewSoftware Development Engineer JobotSoftware Development EngineerAfton, MN$65–$80 / hourDevelopers at this level are building greater independence, taking ownership of small to medium-sized work items, and strengthening their core engineering skills across multiple application layers, including user interfaces, services, APIs, and data. Our teams include professionals across software engineering, product development, clinical informatics, research, and healthcare technology who share a commitment to reducing complexity and improving outcomes for patients and providers.
NewLead Process Engineer - Medical Devices Gallin AssociatesLead Process Engineer - Medical DevicesEdina, MNCLIENT CANNOT SPONSOR/TRANSFER ANY WORK VISAS Growing medical device company is seeking an engineer to lead design transfer projects. Strong quality management and documentation, ideally with regulated products (medical devices/pharma preferred).
Test Method Validation Engineer - Medical Device Judge GroupTest Method Validation Engineer - Medical DeviceOsseo, MNAn established medical device organization is seeking experienced Test Method Validation (TMV) Engineers/Specialists to support a high-priority, short-term project focused on process characterization and validation. By providing your phone number, you consent to: (1) receive automated text messages and calls from the Judge Group, Inc. and its affiliates (collectively "Judge") to such phone number regarding job opportunities, your job application, and for other related purposes.
Bloomington CQV/CSV Validation Engineers VeristaBloomington CQV/CSV Validation EngineersBloomington, MinnesotaThe nature of our business is to empower growth and innovation within the scientific community and to help researchers, organizations, and companies solve some of the world’s most pressing healthcare challenges. Our ability to grow is driven by world-class people who thrive in a team environment and share our mission to enable life sciences clients to improve lives.
NewQuality Validation Engineer OateyQuality Validation EngineerShakopee, MN$67,078–$85,524.50 / yearAdvanced Product Quality Planning (APQP), Process Failure Mode Effects Analysis (PFMEA), Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA), Production Part Approval Process (PPAP), Statistical Process Control (SPC) tools, Root Cause Analysis, etc.). Contribute to Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (DFMEA) effort by ensuring Critical to Quality features (CTQ’s) are properly documented and that appropriate Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) weights have been applied.
Sr Field Validation Engineer AGCO CorpSr Field Validation EngineerMN$95,000–$115,000 / yearThe Sr Field Validation Engineer is responsible for conducting field tests on prototype agricultural and off-highway equipment and coordinating field testing activities for Application equipment within the field validation team. Additionally, this position serves as a primary point of contact between Field Validation and cross‑functional engineering groups on application‑related topics, ensuring clear, accurate communication and alignment of test outcomes.
EE Validation Engineer, Imported Products AGCO CorpEE Validation Engineer, Imported ProductsMN$76,000–$140,000 / yearLead validation for electrical systems (harnesses, ECUs, sensors, control systems) on imported products, developing and executing EVT, DVT, and PVT test plans. The Electrical Engineer - Validation is responsible for planning, executing, and documenting the validation of imported AGCO machinery with emphasis on electrical components and systems.
NewValidation Engineer PSC BiotechValidation EngineerMinneapolis, MinnesotaEmploying a global team of skilled professionals and experts that span across strategically located offices in North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East, we are proud of the roles we have fulfilled to help our clients achieve success. When you make the decision to join our team, you will be offered the ability to feel inspired in your career, explore your professional passions, and work alongside a group of people who will value and nurture your talents.
Validation Engineer AGCO CorpValidation EngineerMN$54,000–$100,000 / yearPreferred: Minimum of 1 year of hands-on experience using 3D CAD software (CREO), along with NVH testing and analysis, including Noise, Vibration, and Harshness evaluation. Holds a valid driver's license with a clean driving record and can safely operate equipment and machinery, including lifting and handling frames weighing up to 50 lbs.
NewCleaning Validation Engineer PSC BiotechCleaning Validation EngineerMinneapolis, MinnesotaEmploying a global team of skilled professionals and experts that span across strategically located offices in North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East, we are proud of the roles we have fulfilled to help our clients achieve success. The engineer will author, execute, and route validation protocols within Kneat, perform on-site sampling activities, and support the successful completion of cleaning validation deliverables.
Sr. Cybersecurity Validation Engineer Polaris IncSr. Cybersecurity Validation EngineerWyoming, MN$104,000–$128,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER, RZR and Polaris GENERAL side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. Experience validating cybersecurity controls including secure boot, secure reprogramming, authentication, encryption, security access, secure diagnostics, code signing, security gateways, and IDS/IPS technologies.
Senior Verification and Validation Engineer DanaherSenior Verification and Validation EngineerChaska, MinnesotaServe as the primary technical driver for lab execution on diagnostic analyzers (maintenance, calibration, readiness, and complex troubleshooting), ensuring reliable test execution and leading root-cause investigations with clear problem statements, data-driven conclusions, and corrective actions. Bachelor’s degree in Science, Engineering, or related field with 5+ years of experience (or Master’s degree with 3+ years of experience) in verification/validation, systems/test engineering, or laboratory-based engineering, preferably in a regulated (FDA/ISO) environment.
Sr. Cybersecurity Validation Engineer Polaris IndustriesSr. Cybersecurity Validation EngineerWyoming, MN$104,000–$128,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER®, RZR® and Polaris GENERAL™ side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman® all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot® moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. + Experience validating cybersecurity controls including secure boot, secure reprogramming, authentication, encryption, security access, secure diagnostics, code signing, security gateways, and IDS/IPS technologies.
Validation Engineer Actalent IncValidation EngineerMinneapolis, MN$44–$58 / hourIf you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options. We help visionary companies advance their engineering and science initiatives through access to specialized experts who drive scale, innovation and speed to market.
Software Validation Engineer Actalent IncSoftware Validation EngineerMinneapolis, MN$50–$70 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. If you would like to request a reasonable accommodation, such as the modification or adjustment of the job application process or interviewing process due to a disability, please email actalentaccommodation@actalentservices.com for other accommodation options.
Validation Engineer Katalyst Healthcares & Life SciencesValidation EngineerMinneapolis, MNThe ideal candidate will have hands-on experience in LabVIEW, NI Test Stand, IQ/OQ/PQ validation, functional testing, and preparation of validation documentation to support manufacturing equipment qualification and compliance. We are seeking an experienced Test/Validation Engineer with expertise in manufacturing validation, automated test equipment qualification, and Verification & Validation (V&V) within regulated industries.
Validation Engineer Karwell TechnologiesValidation EngineerMinneapolis, MNThe ideal candidate will have hands-on experience in LabVIEW, NI Test Stand, IQ/OQ/PQ validation, functional testing, and preparation of validation documentation to support manufacturing equipment qualification and compliance. Job Summary: We are seeking an experienced Test/Validation Engineer with expertise in manufacturing validation, automated test equipment qualification, and Verification & Validation (V&V) within regulated industries.
Validation Engineer Judge GroupValidation EngineerHopkins, MNBy providing your phone number, you consent to: (1) receive automated text messages and calls from the Judge Group, Inc. and its affiliates (collectively "Judge") to such phone number regarding job opportunities, your job application, and for other related purposes. This role is heavily documentation-focused and will support validation, packaging, and controlled documentation activities to ensure compliant product releases.
Sr. Hardware Validation Engineer Polaris IncSr. Hardware Validation EngineerMN$104,000–$128,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER, RZR and Polaris GENERAL side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. Job Summary: Position Overview: You will plan and execute validation testing for electrical controllers used across Polaris vehicles, working closely with internal teams, external lab partners and suppliers.
Validation Engineer (Snowmobiles) Polaris IncValidation Engineer (Snowmobiles)MN$75,000–$95,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER, RZR and Polaris GENERAL side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. Position Overview: You will lead validation planning and testing efforts for snowmobile platforms, ensuring systems and components meet defined performance, reliability, and durability requirements.
Method Validation Quality Engineer LancesoftMethod Validation Quality EngineerSt. Paul, MN$40Write test method validation documentation against production processes and systems in compliance to internal and external requirements utilizing well developed technical and regulatory skills. Manage Validation Master Plans (VMPs) and associated reports related to new product development and existing production processes, systems, and controls.
Validation Engineer (Snowmobiles) Polaris IndustriesValidation Engineer (Snowmobiles)Roseau, MN$75,000–$95,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER®, RZR® and Polaris GENERAL™ side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman® all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot® moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. As the global leader in powersports, Polaris Inc. (NYSE: PII) pioneers product breakthroughs and enriching experiences and services that have invited people to discover the joy of being outdoors since our founding in 1954.
Sr. Hardware Validation Engineer Polaris IndustriesSr. Hardware Validation EngineerWyoming, MN$104,000–$128,000 / yearPolaris' high-quality product line-up includes the Polaris RANGER®, RZR® and Polaris GENERAL™ side-by-side off-road vehicles; Sportsman® all-terrain off-road vehicles; military and commercial off-road vehicles; snowmobiles; Slingshot® moto-roadsters; Aixam quadricycles; Goupil electric vehicles; and pontoon and deck boats, including industry-leading Bennington pontoons. You will plan and execute validation testing for electrical controllers used across Polaris vehicles, working closely with internal teams, external lab partners and suppliers.
Senior CQV Engineer / Validation Lead Validation & Engineering Group, IncSenior CQV Engineer / Validation LeadChaska, MNRemoteValidation & Engineering Group, Inc. (V&EG) a Pinnaql company is a leading services supplier who provides solutions for the Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology, Chemical, Food, and Medical Devices industries in the following areas: Laboratory, Compliance, Computer, Engineering, Project Management, Validation, and other services. This is a hands-on role requiring the individual to independently develop validation documentation, execute qualification protocols, manage deviations, analyze results, and prepare final reports while coordinating activities with Engineering, Manufacturing, and Quality teams.
Sr. Engineer - Verification & Validation TKC Thermo KingSr. Engineer - Verification & ValidationMinneapolis, MinnesotaStay Ahead: Lead portions of engineering digital thread initiatives as requested, including Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), Requirements Management, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), and Simulation Process and Data Management (SPDM). Career Development: Utilize the breadth of the Thermo King team to make connections, grow your skillsets, and gain a broad perspective of the business, from concept development to sustaining engineering.
Sr. Engineer - Verification & Validation Trane Technologies PlcSr. Engineer - Verification & ValidationMinneapolis, MN$105,228.33–$146,720 / yearStay Ahead: Lead portions of engineering digital thread initiatives as requested, including Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), Requirements Management, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), and Simulation Process and Data Management (SPDM). This role may be exposed to variable weather conditions, moving mechanical parts, heights, risk of electrical shock, noisy operating equipment, and other variable environmental conditions based on location.
NewNPI Quality Engineer - Medical Devices & Validation InnovizeNPI Quality Engineer - Medical Devices & ValidationSaint Paul, MNInnovize is seeking a Quality Engineer in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to provide quality engineering support to the Development/NPI team. Candidates should have a B.S. in Engineering, significant experience in medical manufacturing, and strong skills in statistical analysis and project management.
Senior CQV Engineer / Validation Lead Validation & Engineering GroupSenior CQV Engineer / Validation LeadChaska, MNRemoteValidation & Engineering Group, Inc. (V&EG) a Pinnaql company is a leading services supplier who provides solutions for the Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology, Chemical, Food, and Medical Devices industries in the following areas: Laboratory, Compliance, Computer, Engineering, Project Management, Validation, and other services. This is a hands-on role requiring the individual to independently develop validation documentation, execute qualification protocols, manage deviations, analyze results, and prepare final reports while coordinating activities with Engineering, Manufacturing, and Quality teams.
Department Lead, Engineering, Field Validation AGCO CorpDepartment Lead, Engineering, Field ValidationMNHaving the Farmer First mindset, and focusing on exceeding farmers expectations, the Department Lead will manage a team of professionals responsible for supporting new product testing and validation while working together with a cross functional team from Design Engineering and Validation departments from other sites. Department Lead, Engineering, Field Validation will be responsible for coordinating field validation activities North America for sprayers & applicators, planters, and wheeled & tracked tractors, ranging in maturity from early prototypes to series production machines.
Cleaning Validation Specialist Katalyst Healthcares & Life SciencesCleaning Validation SpecialistSt. Paul, MNOur client, a leading biologics manufacturing company, is seeking an experienced Cleaning Validation Specialist to support cleaning validation activities for equipment upgrade projects within a cGMP manufacturing environment. The ideal candidate will have hands-on pharmaceutical or biotechnology cleaning validation experience, strong technical writing skills, and the ability to work collaboratively with cross-functional teams.
Cleaning Validation Specialist Karwell TechnologiesCleaning Validation SpecialistSt. Paul, MNOur client, a leading biologics manufacturing company, is seeking an experienced Cleaning Validation Specialist to support cleaning validation activities for equipment upgrade projects within a cGMP manufacturing environment. The ideal candidate will have hands-on pharmaceutical or biotechnology cleaning validation experience, strong technical writing skills, and the ability to work collaboratively with cross-functional teams.
Staff Engineer IV - Systems Engineering & Modular Architecture Daikin Applied Americas Inc.Staff Engineer IV - Systems Engineering & Modular ArchitecturePlymouth, MN$109,100–$188,700 / yearDaikin Applied is seeking a visionary and technically skilled Staff Engineer - Systems Engineering & Modular Design to lead and shape the development of scalable, robust, and high-performing product architectures. This position requires deep technical expertise in systems engineering principles, system architecture, and modularization, along with the ability to influence cross-functional teams and drive complex product development initiatives from concept to launch.
Engineer Product II - Product Systems Integration & Architecture KYYBA, IncEngineer Product II - Product Systems Integration & ArchitectureSt. Paul, MNFounded in 1998 and headquartered in Farmington Hills, MI, Kyyba has a global presence delivering high-quality resources and top-notch recruiting services, enabling businesses to effectively respond to organizational changes and technological advances. We are proud of our work culture which embodies our core values; incorporating value, passion, excellence, empowerment, and happiness, creates a vibrant and productive atmosphere.
Principal Firmware Engineer Gateway RecruitingPrincipal Firmware EngineerMinneapolis/St. Paul, MNCollaborate with cross-functional teams, including hardware engineers, software developers, and regulatory specialists, to integrate firmware with device hardware and external systems. Implement and validate communication protocols (e.g., Bluetooth Low Energy, proprietary RF) for secure data transmission between active implantable devices and external interfaces.
Principal Software Engineer- Machine Automation IPG PhotonicsPrincipal Software Engineer- Machine AutomationFridley, Minnesota$127,347–$168,735In addition to software development responsibilities, the Principal Software Engineer will work closely with manufacturing, applications, service, and project teams to support machine builds, system integration, commissioning activities, and project execution on the production floor. The successful candidate will leverage extensive experience in industrial automation, machine control, and software engineering to develop new machine capabilities, improve existing platforms, and support customer-driven enhancements.
NewSenior Software Engineer IPG PhotonicsSenior Software EngineerMinneapolis, MinnesotaIn addition to software development responsibilities, the Senior Software Engineer will work closely with manufacturing, applications, service, and project teams to support machine builds, system integration, commissioning activities, and project execution on the production floor. The successful candidate will leverage extensive experience in industrial automation, machine control, and software engineering to develop new machine capabilities, improve existing platforms, and support customer-driven enhancements.
Principal Mobile & Application Software Engineer SANUWAVE, IncPrincipal Mobile & Application Software EngineerEden Prairie, MNThe Principal Mobile + Application Software Engineer is a hands-on technical leader responsible for the design, development, and delivery of the top-level software platform for next-generation medical imaging devices. Working in close partnership with Vision Software and Vision Systems Engineering, this position integrates complex multimodal data (RGB, thermal, fluorescence, NIRS, 3D) into a cohesive application layer.
Senior Electrical Engineer Imricor Medical Systems IncSenior Electrical EngineerMN$100,000–$140,000 / yearThe successful candidate will play a critical technical leadership role across the full product lifecycle for capital equipment and supporting subsystems - from concept and architecture through verification, validation, and deployment. Develops optimized product solutions from concept to manufacturing through risk analysis (DFMEA), prototyping, and design iterations using engineering principles, human factors/usability, and design for manufacturability practices.
Sr. Design Assurance Engineer HistoSonics IncSr. Design Assurance EngineerPlymouth, MNIn addition to its current liver tumor indication, HistoSonics is pursuing future indications across multiple applications including kidney, pancreas, prostate, neuro, women's health, and other significant underserved human health areas, to realize the broader potential histotripsy across multiple disease states and medical specialties. Participate as a member of new product development teams to influence design robustness, reliability, and safety through application of sound, systematic problem-solving methodologies in identifying, prioritizing, communicating and resolving/preventing design quality issues.
Systems Engineer Leidos Holdings IncSystems EngineerEagan, MN$87,100–$157,450 / yearIn this position, you will serve as the dedicated Systems Engineer for an Agile/SAFe development team, partnering closely with Product Owners, architects, software engineers, testers, DevSecOps engineers, and customer stakeholders to define, refine, and validate system capabilities. This work aligns with the FAA's broader initiative to modernize legacy flight service capabilities, replacing aging infrastructure with scalable, cloud-based platforms designed to improve safety and operational efficiency-particularly in remote and high-dependency aviation environments.
Senior Systems Engineer Leidos Holdings IncSenior Systems EngineerEagan, MN$107,900–$195,050 / yearIn this position, you will serve as the dedicated Systems Engineer for an Agile/SAFe development team, partnering closely with Product Owners, architects, software engineers, testers, DevSecOps engineers, and customer stakeholders to define, refine, and validate system capabilities. This work aligns with the FAA's broader initiative to modernize legacy flight service capabilities, replacing aging infrastructure with scalable, cloud-based platforms designed to improve safety and operational efficiency-particularly in remote and high-dependency aviation environments.
Principal Firmware Engineer - Implantable Medical Devices Enterra Medical IncPrincipal Firmware Engineer - Implantable Medical DevicesMN$130,000–$160,000 / yearCompany Summary: Enterra Medical is a medical device company dedicated to a singular focus: helping more people with chronic gastroparesis live better lives by advancing technology, expanding clinical science, and accelerating access to the Enterra Therapy. Collaborate with cross-functional teams, including hardware engineers, software developers, and regulatory specialists, to integrate firmware with device hardware and external systems.
AI / ML Engineer Talent Software Services, Inc.AI / ML EngineerVirtual, MN$80–$90 / hourYou will work on the engineering of systems that are pivotal to developing and deploying these solutions, which encompass everything from design requirements, development, component creation, verification, non-clinical validation, and risk mitigation to ensure our digital health technology products meet and exceed regulatory requirements and setting new benchmarks for safety and effectiveness in clinical settings. They work closely with a multidisciplinary team, including clinicians, user experience designers, product managers, IT professionals, and external partners, to develop and deploy effective, efficient, and ethical AI/ML solutions into clinical practice to enhance patient care and operational efficiency.
Lead Software Engineer - Application Performance Engineering & Resiliency Wells Fargo & CoLead Software Engineer - Application Performance Engineering & ResiliencyMinneapolis, MN$119,000–$206,000 / yearThey are accountable for execution of all applicable risk programs (Credit, Market, Financial Crimes, Operational, Regulatory Compliance), which includes effectively following and adhering to applicable Wells Fargo policies and procedures, appropriately fulfilling risk and compliance obligations, timely and effective escalation and remediation of issues, and making sound risk decisions. This role combines hands-on software engineering expertise with technical leadership across distributed systems built on Java, Kubernetes/OpenShift, microservices, APIs, messaging platforms, and modern cloud technologies.
Senior Lead Engineer, Design Quality Celestica IncSenior Lead Engineer, Design QualityMaple Grove, MN$95,000–$126,000 / yearToday, Celestica delivers innovative supply chain solutions globally to customers in strategic two operating and reporting segments: Advanced Technology Solutions (ATS) and Connectivity and Cloud Solutions (CC): ATS: This segment serves customers in complex, regulated and high-reliability markets such as Industrial & Smart Energy, Aerospace & Defense, Semiconductor Capital Equipment, and HealthTech. The following competencies may also be required: Coaching/Mentoring; Communication/Negotiation/Presentation; Creative Problem Solving; Customer Interaction/Stakeholder Management; Quality & Lean; Working Effectively with Others; D/PFMEA; 8D/Corrective Action; Equipment Safety; Design of Experiments (DOE).